Hadith 1
الحديث 1
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
َلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ لَأَنَا أَوْلَى بِالنَّاسِ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا، وَ مَا أَلْقَى فِي رُوعِي، وَ لَا عَرَضَ فِي رَأْيِي أَنْ وَجِّهِ النَّاسَ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ،
فَلَمَّا أَبْطَئُوا عَنِّي بِالْوَلَايَةِ لِهِمَمِهِمْ، وَ تَثَبَّطَ الْأَنْصَارُ- وَ هُمْ أَنْصَارُ اللَّهِ وَ كَتِيبَةُ الْإِسْلَامِ- قَالُوا: أَمَّا إِذَا لَمْ تُسَلِّمُوهَا لِعَلِيٍّ فَصَاحِبُنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِي، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي إِلَى مَنْ أَشْكُو؟
فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَنْصَارُ ظَلَمَتْ حَقَّهَا، وَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونُوا ظَلَمُونِي حَقِّي، بَلْ حَقِّيَ الْمَأْخُوذُ وَ أَنَا الْمَظْلُومُ. فَقَالَ قَائِلُ قُرَيْشٍ: إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فَدَفَعُوا الْأَنْصَارَ عَنْ دَعْوَتِهَا وَ مَنَعُونِي حَقِّي مِنْهَا، فَأَتَانِي رَهْطٌ يَعْرِضُونَ عَلَيَّ النَّصْرَ، مِنْهُمُ ابْنَا سَعِيدٍ، وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ، وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ، وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ، وَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، وَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ الْعَازِبُ. فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ: إِنَّ عِنْدِي مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَهْداً وَ لَهُ إِلَيَ وَصِيَّةً لَسْتُ أُخَالِفُ عَمَّا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ، فَوَ اللَّهِ لَوْ خَزَمُونِي بِأَنْفِي لَأَقْرَرْتُ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً،
فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ قَدِ انْثَالُوا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِلْبَيْعَةِ أَمْسَكْتُ يَدِي وَ ظَنَنْتُ أَنِّي أَوْلَى وَ أَحَقُّ بِمَقَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ، وَ قَدْ كَانَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ أَمَرَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ عَلَى جَيْشٍ وَ جَعَلَهُمَا فِي جَيْشِهِ، وَ مَا زَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى أَنْ فَاضَتْ نَفْسُهُ يَقُولُ: أَنْفِذُوا جَيْشَ أُسَامَةَ،
فَمَضَى جَيْشُهُ إِلَى الشَّامِ حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا إِلَى أَذْرِعَاتٍ فَلَقِيَ جَمْعاً مِنَ الرُّومِ فَهَزَمُوهُمْ وَ غَنَّمَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَمْوَالَهُمْ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ رَاجِعَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ قَدْ رَجَعَتْ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ تَدْعُو إِلَى مَحْوِ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ خَشِيتُ إِنْ أَنَا لَمْ أَنْصُرِ الْإِسْلَامَ وَ أَهْلَهُ أَرَى فِيهِ ثَلْماً وَ هَدْماً
تَكُ الْمُصِيبَةُ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ فَوْتِ وِلَايَةِ أُمُورِكُمُ الَّتِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ مَتَاعُ أَيَّامٍ قَلَائِلَ ثُمَّ تَزُولُ وَ تَنْقَشِعُ كَمَا يَزُولُ وَ يَنْقَشِعُ السَّحَابُ، فَنَهَضْتُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فِي تِلْكَ الْأَحْدَاثِ حَتَّى زَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ وَ كَانَتْ كَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا وَ إِنْ زَعَمَ الْ
f – they said, ‘But, when you (Emigrants) are not submitting it (caliphate) to Ali-asws, then our companion (Sa’ad) is more rightful with it than others’. By Allah-azwj! I-asws did not know to whom I-asws should be complaining? So, either the Helpers happened to be unjust of its right, or else they happened to be unjust of my-asws rights. But, my-asws right is the one taken away, and I-asws am the oppressed. A speaker of Quraysh said, ‘The Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj said: ‘The Imams-asws would be from Quraysh’. Thus, they repelled the Helpers away from their claim and they (Emigrants) prevented me-asws of my-asws right from it. A group came to be presenting the help to me-asws, from them were the two sons of Saeed, and Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, and Ammar Bin Yasser-ra, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Al-Zubeyr Bin Al-Awwam, and Al-Bara’a Bin Al-Aazib. I-asws said to them: ‘There is a pact with me-asws from the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj, and there is a bequest for him-saww to me-asws. I-asws am not going to oppose what I-asws have been instructed with. By Allah-azwj! Even if you were to pull me-asws by my-asws nose, I-asws would (still) acknowledge to Allah-azwj the Exalted, hearing and obeying’. When I-asws saw the people to have fallen in a heap upon Abu Bakr for the allegiance, I-asws withheld my-asws hand, and I-asws had thought I-asws was foremost and more rightful with the position of Rasool-Allah-saww than he is, and from others, and the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj had ordered Usama Bin Zayd to be in-charge upon the army and made both of them (Abu Bakr and Umar) to be in his army, and the Prophet-saww had not ceased to emphasise himself-saww saying: ‘Enforce the army of Usama! ’
His army went to Syria until they ended up to (the city of) Azri’at, and they met a group from Rome. They attacked them and Allah-azwj Granted them their wealth. When I-asws saw returners from the people to have returned from and calling to obliterate the Religion of Muhammad-saww and the Nation of Ibrahim-as, I-asws feared that if I-asws do not help Islam and its people, I-asws would see break-ups and demolition in it. The disaster came unto me-asws during it, which was greater than the loss of the governance of their affairs which rather, it is a pleasure of a few days, then it declines and dissipate just as the clouds tend to decline and dissipate, then I-asws would get up with the people during those new occurrences until the falsehood vanishes, and the Word of Allah-azwj would be the highest, and even if the Kafir’s noses are rubbed. And Sa’ad, when he saw the people pledging allegiances to Abu Bakr, called out, ‘O you people! By Allah-azwj! I did not want it (caliphate) until I saw you all turning away from Ali-asws, and I will not pledge allegiance to you until Ali-asws pledges, and maybe I will still not do it and even if he-asws does pledge allegiance! ’ Then
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