ُ الْقَدْرِ
وَ قَوْلُهُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلامٌ قَالَ تَحِيَّةُ الْإِمَامِ يُحَيَّى بِهَا إِلَى أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ يَعْنِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ. وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: تَفْسِيرُ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ نُزُولِ سُورَةِ الْإِخْلَاصِ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ نِسْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ هُوَ اللَّهُ الْأَحَدُ الْوَاحِدُ الصَّمَدُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَلِدْ وَ لَمْ يُولَدْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُواً أَحَدٌ
فَمَعْنَى الْأَحَدِ أَيْ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِذِي أَبْعَاضِ جَوَارِحَ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ مُبَعَّضَةٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِ جَوَانِبُ وَ لَا أَطْرَافٌ وَ مَعْنَى الْوَاحِدِ أَنَّهُ نُورٌ وَاحِدٌ بِلَا اخْتِلَافٍ وَ الصَّمَدُ الَّذِي لَا مَدْخَلَ فِيهِ لَمْ يَلِدْ أَيْ لَمْ يُحْدِثْ مِثْلَ حَدَثِ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ لَمْ يُولَدْ أَيْ لَمْ يَتَحَلَّلْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُواً أَحَدٌ أَيْ لَيْسَ لَهُ كُفْوٌ وَ لَا نَظِيرٌ. وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ تَفْسِيرُ قُلْ يا أَيُّهَا الْكافِرُونَ وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ نُزُولِهَا أَنَّ قُرَيْشاً قَالَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص تَعْبُدُ آلِهَتَنَا سَنَةً وَ نَعْبُدُ إِلَهَكَ سَنَةً وَ تَعْبُدُ آلِهَتَنَا شَهْراً وَ نَعْبُدُ إِلَهَكَ شَهْراً
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ قُلْ يا أَيُّهَا الْكافِرُونَ لا أَعْبُدُ ما تَعْبُدُونَ وَ لا أَنْتُمْ عابِدُونَ ما أَعْبُدُ وَ لا أَنا عابِدٌ ما عَبَدْتُّمْ وَ لا أَنْتُمْ عابِدُونَ ما أَعْبُدُ لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَ لِيَ دِينِ
فَقَالَ ص رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَ دِينِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ ثَلَاثاً. وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: أَقَلُّ مَا يَجِبُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ الْحَمْدُ وَ سُورَةٌ ثَلَاثُ آيَاتٍ. وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: عِلَّةُ إِسْقَاطِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ أَنَّ الْبَسْمَلَةَ أَمَانٌ وَ الْبَرَاءَةَ كَانَتْ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأُسْقِطَ مِنْهَا الْأَمَانُ.
g the Imam‑asws. He-asws is saluted by it up to the emergence of dawn – It is such until emergence of the dawn [97: 5] – meaning of this night’’. [116]
And from him-asws, said: ‘Interpretation of Say: ‘He, Allah, is One [112: 1] (Surah Al-Tawheed) – And the cause of Revelation of Surah Al-Ikhlas (Al-Tawheed) is that the Jews had asked Rasool-Allah-saww about attribution (lineage) of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty Revealed He-azwj Allah-azwj is the One, the Individual, the Last Who does not beget and is not begotten [112: 3] And there does not happen to be anyone a match for Him’ [112: 4]. The meaning of ‘One’, i. e. He-azwj isn’t with parts of different limbs segmented, and there aren’t any sides in Him-azwj nor ends; and the meaning of ‘One’ is He-azwj is one Noor without any differing, and ‘Al-Samad’ is which has not interior in it. is not begotten, i. e. does not occur like occurrence of the human being, does not beget, i. e. nothing emerges from Him-azwj, And there does not happen to be anyone a match for Him’ [112: 4], i. e. there is neither any match for Him-azwj no a peer’’. [117]
And from him-asws, said (regarding) interpretation of Say: ‘O you Kafirs! ’ [109: 1] (Surah Al-Kafiroun): ‘And the cause of its Revelation was that Quraysh said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘You‑saww worship our gods for a year, and we will worship your-saww God for a year, and you‑saww worship our gods for a month, and we will worship your-saww God for a year’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Say: ‘O you Kafirs! ’ [109: 1] I do not worship what you are worshipping [109: 2] Nor are you worshipping what I worship [109: 3] Nor will I be worshipping what you are worship [109: 4] Nor will you be worshipping what I worship [109: 5] For you is your religion and for me is my Religion [109: 6]. He-saww said: ‘My-saww Lord-azwj is Allah-azwj, and my-saww religion is ’ – thrice’’. [118]
And from him-asws, said: ‘Least of what is obligated in the Salat from (recitation of) the Quran is (Surah) Al-Hamd and a Chapter of three Verses (not including ‘Bismillah’)’’. [119]
And from him-asws, said: ‘The reason of (Allah-azwj) Dropping, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful’ from Surah Bara’at is because the ‘Bismillah’ is a safety and the ‘Bara’at’ (disavowing) was to the Polytheists, so the safety was dropped from it’’. [120]
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Résumé
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