Hadith 1
الحديث 1
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
كَافِرُونَ. وَ لَقَدْ كَانَ سَعْدٌ لَمَّا رَأَى النَّاسَ يُبَايِعُونَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ نَادَى: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُهَا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُكُمْ تَصْرِفُونَهَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَ لَا أُبَايِعُكُمْ حَتَّى يُبَايِعَ عَلِيٌّ، وَ لَعَلِّي لَا أَفْعَلُ وَ إِنْ بَايَعَ، ثُمَّ رَكِبَ دَابَّتَهُ وَ أَتَى حَوْرَانَ وَ أَقَامَ فِي خَانٍ حَتَّى هَلَكَ وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ. وَ قَامَ فَرْوَةُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ- وَ كَانَ يَقُودُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَرَسَيْنِ وَ يَصْرِمُ أَلْفَ وَسْقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ عَلَى الْمَسَاكِينِ- فَنَادَى: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ! أَخْبِرُونِي هَلْ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ تَحِلُّ لَهُ الْخِلَافَةُ وَ فِيهِ مَا فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ؟! . فَقَالَ قَيْسُ بْنُ مَخْزَمَةَ الزهوي: لَيْسَ فِينَا مَنْ فِيهِ مَا فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: صَدَقْتَ، فَهَلْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا لَيْسَ فِي أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ؟. قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَمَا يَصُدُّكُمْ عَنْهُ؟. قَالَ: إِجْمَاعُ النَّاسِ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ. قَالَ: أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَحْيَيْتُمْ سُنَّتَكُمْ لَقَدْ أَخْطَأْتُمْ سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّكُمْ، وَ لَوْ جَعَلْتُمُوهَا فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ لَأَكَلْتُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَ مِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ. فَوُلِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَارَبَ وَ اقْتَصَدَ فَصَحِبْتُهُ مُنَاصِحاً، وَ أَطَعْتُهُ فِيمَا أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ فِيهِ جَاهِداً، حَتَّى إِذَا احْتُضِرَ، قُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: لَيْسَ يَعْدِلُ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ عَنِّي، وَ لَوْ لَا خَاصَّةٌ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عُمَرَ وَ أَمْرٌ كَانَا رَضِيَاهُ بَيْنَهُمَا،
لَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْدِلُهُ عَنِّي وَ قَدْ سَمِعَ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِبُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ حِينَ بَعَثَنِي وَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَ قَالَ: إِذَا افْتَرَقْتُمَا فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمَا عَلَى حِيَالِهِ، وَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فَعَلِيٌّ عَلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعاً،
فأغزنا وَ أَصَبْنَا سَبْياً فِيهِمْ خُوَيْلَةُ بِنْتُ جَعْفَرٍ جَارِ الصَّفَا- وَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ جَارَ الصَّفَا مِنْ حُسْنِهِ- فَأَخَذْتُ الْحَنَفِيَّةَ خَوْلَةَ وَ اغْتَنَمَهَا خَالِدٌ مِنِّي، وَ بَعَثَ بُرَيْدَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مُحَرِّشاً عَلَيَّ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا كَانَ مِنْ أَخْذِي خَوْلَةَ، فَقَالَ: يَا بُرَيْدَةُ! حَظُّهُ فِي الْخُمُسِ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا أَخَذَ، إِنَّهُ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي،
سَمِعَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ، وَ هَذَا بُرَيْدَةُ حَيٌّ لَمْ يَمُتْ، فَهَلْ بَعْدَ هَذَا مَقَالٌ لِقَائِلٍ؟! . فَبَايَعَ عُمَرَ دُونَ الْمَشُورَةِ فَكَانَ مَرَضِيَّ
he rode his animal and went to (the town of) Hawran, and stayed in a house until he died and did not pledge allegiance. And Farwa Bin Umar Al-Ansari stood up – and he used to guide two horses with Rasool-Allah-saww, and leave aside a thousand bunches of dates to give in charity with it upon the poor – he called out, ‘O community of Qureys! Inform me! Is there any man among you the caliphate is permissible for him, and in him is what is in Ali-asws? ! ’
Fays Bin Mahzama Al-Zahwy said, ‘There isn’t anyone among us, one in whom is what is in Ali-asws’. He said to him, ‘You speak the truth. Is there in Ali-asws what isn’t in any one of you? ’ He said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So, what made you block it from him-asws? ’
He said, ‘Consensus of the people upon Abu Bakr’. He said, ‘But, by Allah-azwj! If you were to revives your sunnah (ways), then you have erred from the Sunnah of your Prophet-saww, and if you were to make it (caliphate) to be in the People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, you will eat from above, and from beneath your feet’. Abu Bakr became the rule, and I-asws went near and was moderate, and accompanied him as an adviser, and obeyed him in (only) that (which was in) obedience to Allah-azwj, struggling, until when he was about to die. I-asws said within myself: ‘He wouldn’t turn this command away from me-asws had there been no special relationship between him and Umar’, and the matter was as they had agreed with between them. I-asws thought he would not turn it away from me-asws, and I-asws had heard the Prophet-saww to Bureyda Al-Aslami when he-saww had sent me-asws and Khalid Bin Al-Waleed to Al-Yemen, and said: ‘When you two separate, so each one of you is upon his state, and when you are together, then Ali-asws is upon you all! ’
We battled and attained captives, among them was Khuweyla Bint Ja’far, ‘the clear faced’, and rather she was named as ‘the clear faced’ due to her beauty. I-asws took Khuweyla and Khalid was gloomy from me-asws and sent Bureyda to Rasool-Allah-saww, as a provocation against me-asws. He informed him-saww with what had happened from my-asws taking Khuweyla. He-saww said: ‘O Bureyda! His-asws share from the Khums (fifth) is more than what he-asws has taken. He-asws is your ruler from after me-saww’. Abu Bakr and Umar both heard it, and this here is Bureyda alive, not died yet. So, if there after this any thing to say for any speaker? ! Umar’s allegiance was pledged without there being any consultation, as if it was an agreement of the people of their ways in their presence, until when he was about to die, I-asws said to myself-asws: ‘He won’t turn this command away from me-asws due to that which had seen from me-asws in (all) the places, and had heard from Rasool-Allah-saww. But, he made me-asws the sixth of the six and ordered Suheyb to pray (leading) Salat with the people, and called Abu Talha Zayd Bin Sa’ad Al-Ansari and said to
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