Hadith 1
الحديث 1
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
َهِدَ إِلَيَّ عَهْداً فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ! لَكَ وِلَايَتِي فَإِنْ وَلَّوْكَ فِي عَافِيَةٍ وَ رَجَعُوا عَلَيْكَ بِالرِّضَا فَقُمْ بِأَمْرِهِمْ، وَ إِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا عَلَيْكَ فَدَعْهُمْ وَ مَا هُمْ فِيهِ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيَجْعَلُ لَكَ مَخْرَجاً،
فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا لَيْسَ لِي رَافِدٌ وَ لَا مَعِي مُسَاعِدٌ إِلَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتِي، فَضَنِنْتُ بِهِمْ عَنِ الْهَلَاكِ، وَ لَوْ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَمِّي حَمْزَةُ وَ أَخِي جَعْفَرٌ لَمْ أُبَايِعْ كَرْهاً، وَ لَكِنَّنِي مُنِيتُ بِرَجُلَيْنِ حَدِيثَيْ عَهْدٍ بِالْإِسْلَامِ، الْعَبَّاسِ وَ عَقِيلٍ،
فَضَنِنْتُ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي عَنِ الْهَلَاكِ، فَأَغْضَيْتُ عَيْنِي عَلَى الْقَذَى، وَ تَجَرَّعْتُ رِيقِي عَلَى الشَّجَا، وَ صَبَرْتُ عَلَى أَمَرَّ مِنَ الْعَلْقَمِ، وَ آلَمَ لِلْقَلْبِ مِنْ حَزِّ الشِّفَارِ. وَ أَمَّا أَمْرُ عُثْمَانَ فَكَأَنَّهُ عُلِمَ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ الْأُولَى عِلْمُها عِنْدَ رَبِّي فِي كِتابٍ لا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَ لا يَنْسى خَذَلَهُ أَهْلُ بَدْرٍ وَ قَتَلَهُ أَهْلُ مِصْرَ، وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَمَرْتُ وَ لَا نَهَيْتُ وَ لَوْ أَنَّنِي أَمَرْتُ كُنْتُ قَاتِلًا، وَ لَوْ أَنِّي نَهَيْتُ كُنْتُ نَاصِراً،
وَ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ لَا يَنْفَعُ فِيهِ الْعِيَانُ وَ لَا يَشْفِي فِيهِ الْخَبَرُ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَقُولَ خَذَلَهُ مَنْ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ، وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ نَصَرَهُ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي،
وَ أَنَا جَامِعٌ أَمْرَهُ: اسْتَأْثَرَ فَأَسَاءَ الْأَثَرَةَ، وَ جَزِعْتُمْ فَأَسَأْتُمُ الْجَزَعَ، وَ اللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُ، وَ اللَّهِ مَا يَلْزَمُنِي فِي دَمِ عُثْمَانَ ثُلْمَةٌ مَا كُنْتُ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي بَيْتِي
فَلَمَّا قَتَلْتُمُوهُ أَتَيْتُمُونِي تُبَايِعُونِّي، فَأَبَيْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ أَبَيْتُمْ عَلَيَّ، فَقَبَضْتُ يَدِي فَبَسَطْتُمُوهَا، وَ بَسَطْتُهَا فَمَدَدْتُمُوهَا، ثُمَّ تَدَاكَكْتُمْ عَلَيَّ تَدَاكَّ الْإِبِلِ الْهِيمِ عَلَى حِيَاضِهَا يَوْمَ وُرُودِهَا، حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّكُمْ قَاتِلِي،
وَ أَنَّ بَعْضَكُمْ قَاتِلٌ لِبَعْضٍ، حَتَّى انْقَطَعَتِ النَّعْلُ، وَ سَقَطَ الرِّدَاءُ، وَ وُطِئَ الضَّعِيفُ، وَ بَلَغَ مِنْ سُرُورِ النَّاسِ بِبَيْعَتِهِمْ إِيَّايَ أَنْ حُمِلَ إِلَيْهَا الصَّغِيرُ وَ هَدَجَ إِلَيْهَا الْكَبِيرُ، وَ تَحَامَلَ إِلَيْهَا الْعَلِيلُ، وَ حَسَرَتْ لَهَا الْكِعَابُ. فَقَالُوا: بَايِعْنَا عَلَى مَا بُويِعَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ، فَإِنَّا لَا نَجِدُ غَيْرَكَ وَ لَا نَرْضَى إِلَّا بِكَ، فَبَايِعْنَا لَا نَفْتَرِقُ وَ لَا نَخْتَلِفُ، فَبَايَعْتُكُمْ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ
sws family members. I-asws thought (upon acting there would be nothing but) the destruction, and had there been, after Rasool-Allah-saww, my-asws uncle-asws Hamza-asws, and my-asws brother-asws Ja’far-asws, I-asws would not have pledged allegiance (even) unwillingly, but they-asws had passed away, and I-asws was left with two men newly to the pact with – Al-Abbas and Al-Aqeel. So, I-asws thought of saving my-asws family members from the destruction, and I-asws closed my-asws eyes upon the (arising) dust, and I-asws swallowed by saliva upon the choking, and I-asws was patient upon the bitterest of the morsels, and the most painful to the heart than the mowed eyelashes. And as for the matter of Usman (being killed), it is as if it has been learnt from the former generations, ‘Its knowledge is with My Lord in a Book. Neither does my Lord Err nor does He Forget [20: 52]. The people of Badr abandoned him, and the people Egypt killed him. By Allah-azwj! I-asws neither instructed nor did I-asws forbid, and had I-asws instructed, I-asws would have been a killer, and had I-asws forbidden, I would have been a helper (of Usman). And the matter did not benefit the supporters during it, nor did the news have any healing, apart from that the one who helped him was not able upon saying, ‘I am better than the one who has abandoned’; nor was the one who abandoned him able upon saying, ‘He was helped by the one who is better than me’. And I-asws shall summarise his matter – He favoured (people), and evil was the favouring, and you all were alarmed, and evil was your being alarmed, and Allah-azwj will Judge between you all and him. By Allah-azwj! No blame necessitates me-asws regarding the blood of Usman. I-asws wasn’t except a man from the Muslims, (like) the emigrants, being in my-asws house. When they had killed him, they came to me to pledge allegiance to me-asws. But I-asws refused upon you all, and you refused upon me-asws. so, my-asws hand was grabbed and it was extended, and they spread and extended theirs, then you thronged upon me like the crowding of the camels gathering to their watering place on the day of their return, to the extent that I-asws thought that you would (end up) killing me-asws. And some of you fought against the others to the extent that my-asws slippers got cut (broken), and the cloak dropped off, and the weak ones were trampled, and it reached from the happiness of the people of their pledging allegiances to me-asws, that the young ones were carried to it and the elders hobbled to it, and the sick ones were carried to it, and the posterity regretted to it. They said, ‘Take our allegiances upon what Abu Bakr and Umar had been pledged upon, for we cannot find anyone else apart from you-asws, nor are we pleased except with you-asws! Take our allegiances, and we will neither separate nor oppose’. So, I-asws took your allegiance upon the Book of Allah-azwj and the S
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