Hadith 28

الحديث 27

📚 Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi

﷽

ْحُرُوفُ هِيَ الْمَفْعُولُ بِذَلِكَ الْفِعْلِ وَ هِيَ الْحُرُوفُ الَّتِي عَلَيْهَا الْكَلَامُ وَ الْعِبَارَاتُ كُلُّهَا مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَّمَهَا خَلْقَهُ وَ هِيَ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حَرْفاً
فَمِنْهَا ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ حَرْفاً تَدُلُّ عَلَى اللُّغَاتِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَ مِنَ الثَّمَانِيَةِ وَ الْعِشْرِينَ اثْنَانِ وَ عِشْرُونَ حَرْفاً تَدُلُّ عَلَى اللُّغَاتِ السُّرْيَانِيَّةِ وَ الْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ وَ مِنْهَا خَمْسَةُ أَحْرُفٍ مُتَحَرِّفَةٌ فِي سَائِرِ اللُّغَاتِ مِنَ الْعَجَمِ لِأَقَالِيمِ‏ اللُّغَاتِ كُلِّهَا وَ هِيَ خَمْسَةُ أَحْرُفٍ تَحَرَّفَتْ مِنَ الثَّمَانِيَةِ وَ الْعِشْرِينَ الْحُرُوفِ مِنَ اللُّغَاتِ فَصَارَتِ الْحُرُوفُ ثَلَاثَةً وَ ثَلَاثِينَ حَرْفاً
فَأَمَّا الْخَمْسَةُ الْمُخْتَلِفَةُ فَبِحُجَجٍ‏ لَا يَجُوزُ ذِكْرُهَا أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا ذَكَرْنَاهُ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ الْحُرُوفَ‏ بَعْدَ إِحْصَائِهَا وَ إِحْكَامِ عِدَّتِهَا فِعْلًا مِنْهُ كَقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‏ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ‏
وَ كُنْ مِنْهُ صُنْعٌ وَ مَا يَكُونُ بِهِ الْمَصْنُوعُ فَالْخَلْقُ الْأَوَّلُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْإِبْدَاعُ لَا وَزْنَ لَهُ وَ لَا حَرَكَةَ وَ لَا سَمْعَ وَ لَا لَوْنَ وَ لَا حِسَّ
وَ الْخَلْقُ الثَّانِي الْحُرُوفُ لَا وَزْنَ لَهَا وَ لَا لَوْنَ وَ هِيَ مَسْمُوعَةٌ مَوْصُوفَةٌ غَيْرُ مَنْظُورٍ إِلَيْهَا
وَ الْخَلْقُ الثَّالِثُ مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْأَنْوَاعِ كُلِّهَا مَحْسُوساً مَلْمُوساً ذَا ذَوْقٍ مَنْظُوراً إِلَيْهِ
وَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى سَابِقٌ لِلْإِبْدَاعِ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَ لَا كَانَ مَعَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَ الْإِبْدَاعُ سَابِقٌ لِلْحُرُوفِ وَ الْحُرُوفُ لَا تَدُلُّ عَلَى غَيْرِ أَنْفُسِهَا
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ كَيْفَ لَا تَدُلُّ عَلَى غَيْرِ أَنْفُسِهَا
قَالَ الرِّضَا ع لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يَجْمَعُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً لِغَيْرِ مَعْنًى أَبَداً فَإِذَا أَلَّفَ مِنْهَا أَحْرُفاً أَرْبَعَةً أَوْ خَمْسَةً أَوْ سِتَّةً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَقَلَّ لَمْ يُؤَلِّفْهَا لِغَيْرِ مَعْنًى وَ لَمْ يَكُ‏ إِلَّا لِمَعْنًى مُحْدَثٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً
قَالَ عِمْرَانُ فَكَيْفَ لَنَا مَعْرِفَةُ ذَلِكَ
قَالَ الرِّضَا ع أَمَّا الْمَعْرِفَةُ فَوَجْهُ ذَلِكَ وَ بَيَانُهُ‏ أَنَّكَ تَذْكُرُ الْحُرُوفَ إِذَا لَمْ تُرِدْ بِهَا غَيْرَ نَفْسِهَا ذَكَرْتَهَا فَرْداً فَقُلْتَ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ عَلَى آخِرِهَا فَلَمْ تَجِدْ لَهَا مَعْنًى غَيْرَ أَنْفُسِهَا
فَ

✦ Traduction

is upon, and the expression, all of it is from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He-azwj Taught it to His-azwj creatures, and these are thirty-three letters. From these, twenty-eight letters pointing upon the Arabic language, and from the twenty-eight there are twenty-two pointing upon the Assyrian and the Hebrew languages, and from these are five letters are distorted in rest of the languages of the non-Arab regions, all the languages, and these are five letters distorted from the twenty-eight letters from the languages. So, the letters became thirty-three letters. As for the five different ones, so by argument, it is not allowed to mention these any more than what we-asws have already mentioned. Then He-azwj Made the letter, after counting these, and rules of their number to be a deed from Him-azwj, like His-azwj Words, Mighty and Majestic: “Be! So it comes into being! ”
And the ‘Be’ from Him-azwj is Made, and the Maker does not happen to be with it. Thus, the first creation from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is the beginning, there being neither any weight for it, nor movement, nor heard, nor colour, nor felt. And the second creation from Him-azwj are the letter, there being neither any weight for it, nor colour, and these are audible descriptions, not being able to be looked at. And the third creation is what happens from the variety, all of these being felt, touched, with taste, being looked at. And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted preceded for the beginning, because there wasn’t anything before Him-azwj Mighty and Majestic, nor was there anything with Him-azwj, and the beginning precedes the letters, and the letters do not point except upon other than their own selves’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘And how can they not point upon other than their own selves? ’
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Gather anything from these for without any meaning, ever! When He-azwj Combines four letters from these, or five, or six, or more than that or less, He-azwj does not Combine for other than a meaning, and it does not happen to be except for a newly occurring meaning, and there did not happen to be anything before that’. Imran said, ‘So how can there be for us to recognise that? ’
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘As for the recognition, an aspect of that and its explanation is that you are mentioning the letters when you do not intend with these other than their own selves, mentioned these individually, ‘Alif’, ‘Ba’, ‘Ta’, ‘Sa’, ‘Jim’, ‘Ha’, ‘Kha’, until you come to the end of these. So, you do not find any meaning for these apart from their own selves. When you combine and gather letters from these and make these a name, and a description to a meaning what you seek, and an aspect of what yo

N° hadith27
Volume54
Chapitre1
LivreBihar al-Anwar
AuteurAllamah al-Majlisi
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