Hadith 1

rom the glandular flesh to the tongue and mouth, and also beneath it are two large green veins called the ‘Sard’. It has two lips in length, but they are in one membrane connected to the membrane of the mouth, oesophagus and stomach, except in some animals, such as a snake, for the lips of its tongue are not in one membrane and for this reason they appear And on the body of the tongue is an emanating band that is the locus of the tasting power of the bait through the medium of contacting bodies that mix with the impossible salivary moisture to the taste of the incoming and its sweetness to him in terms of what is behind them of the essence of the soul. On the tongue are two appendages that grow upwards as if they are small ears called the tonsils, and their core is nervous, thickened flesh like the gland, and their benefit is like that of the uvula, and it will be mentioned, but the tongue was created to be a device for cutting sound, bringing out ridges and clarifying them, and a machine for turning the chewed around like a shovel, and a device for discerning taste, and it is moderate in height and width, is more capable of speaking than if it was very large, or small and jerky. The third chapter – regarding the throat, and the larynx and rest of the tools of voice
The explanation of its appearance is that the end of the mouth leads to two streams, one of them in front, which is the throat, and the commentators call it the trachea of the lung in it, and from it is the outlet for the wind that enters and exits with breathing, and the other is placed from behind the side of the wasteland on the beads of the neck, and it is called the oesophagus, in which food and drink pass through. Vomiting will come out, and their explanations will come. The larynx is made up of three cartilages, one of them in front and it is the one that appears under the chin in front of the throat and is convex outward and concave inward, and the second from behind, by joining them, narrows the larynx when silent, separates one from the other and widens when speaking. The third is like a lump between it and the one behind a joint that heals with two appendages of that, which are groomed in two vertebrae of it, and there are ligaments attached there, and it moves with this joint, and if he leans on them, the larynx closes, and by avoiding them, the larynx opens. The need to close the larynx when eating and drinking is very severe so that nothing of the food and drink drip into the trachea of the lung, because the trachea and oesophagus are adjacent to each other, connected to one another, and when the larynx is closed, food and drink pass over the back of the cartilage and descends into the oesophagus. And if the larynx opens unnecessarily by a person swallowing, voicing, or breathing in one case, something from the food and drink may fall into the trachea of the lung, causing a tickling and a harmful condition similar to what happens in the nose when sneezing is forced by inserting something into it, and force will receive it. The pusher is to push him, and the coughing begets him until he pushes, little or more, because the windpipe rather only ends in the lung, and it has no outlet from the bottom of it to push into. So the Creator, the Glorious, by Compiling the larynx with these cartilages in this shape to close it when eating and drinking the outlet of sound and breathing, Keeps the person safe and he gets rid of the closed cough, and for this reason the gulping and breathing do not combine together in one situation. Inside the throat is a sticky, greasy moisture that always smooths it and moisturizes it so that the voice comes out clear and well. This is why the voices of the feverish people who burn the moisture of their throats because of their burning fevers do not go away. It also goes away, weakens or changes the voices of travellers in the burning fifes. Likewise, whoever s