📖 Volume 72 ✦ Volume 72 Hadith 13 / 1265

Hadith 13

الحديث 13

📚 Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi

﷽

ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ دِرْهَماً وَاحِداً ظُلْماً مِنْ غَيْرِ حَقٍّ يُخَلِّدُهُ اللَّهُ فِي النَّارِ. وَ رُوِيَ‏ أَنَّ أَكْلَ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي وَعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَائِلٍ يَقُولُ- إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوالَ الْيَتامى‏ ظُلْماً إِنَّما يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ناراً وَ سَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيراً. وَ رُوِيَ‏ مَنِ اتَّجَرَ بِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فَرَبِحَ كَانَ لِلْيَتِيمِ وَ الْخُسْرَانُ عَلَى التَّاجِرِ وَ مَنْ حَوَّلَ مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ أَوْ أَقْرَضَ شَيْئاً مِنْهُ كَانَ ضَامِناً بِجَمِيعِهِ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاتُهُ دُونَ الْيَتِيمِ. وَ رُوِيَ‏ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَى- لَا تَعَرَّضُوا لَهَا وَ لَا تَلْبَسُوا بِهَا فَمَنْ تَعَرَّضَ لِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً كَأَنَّمَا أَكَلَ جَذْوَةً مِنَ النَّارِ. وَ رُوِيَ‏ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَا يَعْرِضْ أَحَدُكُمْ‏ لِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ يَلِي حِسَابَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ مَغْفُوراً لَهُ أَوْ مُعَذَّباً وَ آخِرُ حُدُودِ الْيَتِيمِ الِاحْتِلَامُ. وَ أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع‏ لَا يُتْمَ بَعْدَ احْتِلَامٍ فَإِذَا احْتَلَمَ امْتُحِنَ فِي أَمْرِ الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْوَسَطِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ فَإِنْ أُونِسَ مِنْهُ رُشْدٌ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالُهُ وَ إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى حَالَتِهِ إِلَى أَنْ يُؤْنَسَ مِنْهُ الرُّشْدُ. وَ رُوِيَ‏ أَنَّ لِأَيْسَرِ الْقَبِيلَةِ وَ هُوَ فَقِيهُهَا وَ عَالِمُهَا أَنْ يَتَصَرَّفَ لِلْيَتِيمِ فِي مَالِهِ فِيمَا يَرَاهُ خَطَاءً وَ صَلَاحاً وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ خُسْرَانٌ وَ لَا لَهُ رِبْحٌ وَ الرِّبْحُ وَ الْخُسْرَانُ لِلْيَتِيمِ وَ عَلَيْهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.

✦ Traduction

(The book) ‘Fiq Al-Reza-asws’ – It is reported from the Scholar (Imam-asws) having said: ‘One who eats (even) one Dirham from the wealth of an orphan unjustly, from without right, Allah-azwj will Make his eternity to be in the Fire’’. [14]
It is reported: ‘Devouring the wealth of an orphan is from the major sins which Allah-azwj has Promised the Fire upon it. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying of a speaker: (As for) those who are devouring the wealth of the orphans unjustly, but rather they are swallowing fire into their bellies, and they shall be arriving at the Blazing Fire [4: 10]’’. [15]
And it is reported: ‘One who trades with the wealth of an orphan, so he makes a profit, it would be for the orphan and the losses would be upon the trader; and the one who transfers the wealth of an orphan or lends something from it, he would be responsible for entirety of it, and upon him would be its Zakat, besides (not upon) the orphan’’. [16]
And it is reported: ‘Beware of the wealth of an orphan! Neither be exposed to it nor wear with it. The one who exposes to the wealth of an orphan, so he eats something from it, so rather he has eaten an ember from the fire’’. [17]
And it is reported: ‘Fear Allah-azwj, and not one of you should be exposed to the wealth of an orphan, for Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Praise, would be in Charge of his Reckoning Himself‑azwj, whether he is Forgiven for or Punished, and the end of the limit of the orphan (orphanhood) is the puberty’’. [18]
And it is reported from the Scholar-asws: ‘There is no orphan-hood after the puberty. When he attains puberty, he should be tested regarding the affairs during the young age, and the middle age, and the old age. If rightful guidance is sensed from him, his wealth should be handed to him, or else he should be (left upon his state until the rightful guidance is sensed from him’’. [19]
And it is reported: ‘The least of the tribe, and it is their jurists and their scholars, is that he should dispose (utilise) regarding his wealth in what he sees an error or correction, and neither would there be any loss upon him nor any profit for him, and the profit and the loss would be for the orphan and against him, and with Allah-azwj is the inclination’’. [20]

N° hadith13
Volume72
Chapitre31
LivreBihar al-Anwar
AuteurAllamah al-Majlisi
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