Hadith 1

re Ruk’u or Ruk’u before the Sajdah, or set the punishment for adultery differently between married and unmarried individuals, nor between real estate and cash assets in the obligation of Zakat. If we were to rely solely on our intellects regarding these obligations, it would not be valid to perform all of them solely based on intellect, nor would it distinguish between analogy and what the Law has detailed and the texts, when the Law exists from the heard and the spoken which it isn’t for us to exceed their limits. And if that were permissible and valid, we would have been spared the need for the Sending of Messengers-as to us with Commands and Prohibitions from Allah-azwj, the Exalted. Since the fundamentals do not necessitate their clarification of their obligations except through hearing and articulation, likewise, the branches and incidents that Allah-azwj Mentions and Addresses, ruling upon them is not mandated through analogy alone, but rather through explicit textual evidence supported by hearing and articulation. As for their contention and insistence that analogy is likening and similitude, and that judgment can be derived from it, and that incidents can also be attributed to it, then that is clearly impossible and a reprehensible stance, because we find that Allah-azwj Exalted has Facilitated understanding between its rulings, even if they are dispersed, and we find things that Allah-azwj has Differentiated between their rulings, even if they are combined. That evidence’s from the actions of Allah-azwj the Exalted, indicating that the similarity between two things does not necessitate similarity between their rulings, as claimed by proponents of analogy and personal opinion, and that is because when they were unable to establish rulings based on what was revealed in the Book of Allah-azwj the Exalted, and they deviated from taking them from their rightful people, those whom Allah-azwj the Glorious, has Obligated obedience to their Commands upon His-azwj servants, those who do not err, nor do they forget, namely those upon whom Allah-azwj has Revealed His-azwj Book and commanded the nation to refer back to in case of ambiguity in rulings. They sought leadership out of desire for the vanities of the world. They adopted the ways of their predecessors who claimed the status of Guardians-asws of Allah-azwj their inability was necessitated. So, they claimed that personal opinion and analogy are obligatory, thereby revealing their incapacity and deviation from the religion of Allah-azwj the Exalted. This is because the intellect alone, in its isolation, does not mandate or distinguish between taking something forcibly or by plundering, and between taking it by theft, even if they appear similar. One of them leads to certainty while the other does not, and it also indicates the corruption of what they argued for in terms of referring a matter in judgment to considering its matching. We find that adultery is equal in punishment for the married and the unmarried, yet one of them warrants stoning and the other lashing. Hence, we understand that the rulings are based on what is heard and articulated, according to what is specified in the texts, without considering analogies and circumstances. This is a clear ind