The characteristics and virtues of the pious — Hadith 1
الحديث 1
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَسَّانَ اَلْوَاسِطِيُّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ اَلْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: قَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يُقَالُ لَهُ هَمَّامٌ وَ كَانَ عَابِداً فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ صِفْ لِيَ اَلْمُتَّقِينَ حَتَّى كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَتَثَاقَلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص فِي جَوَابِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ ع وَيْحَكَ يَا هَمَّامُ اِتَّقِ اَللَّهَ وَ أَحْسِنْ فَ إِنَّ اَللََّهَ مَعَ اَلَّذِينَ اِتَّقَوْا وَ اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ مُحْسِنُونَ فَقَالَ هَمَّامُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ وَ بِمَا خَصَّكَ بِهِ وَ حَبَاكَ وَ فَضَّلَكَ بِمَا أَنَالَكَ وَ أَعْطَاكَ لَمَّا وَصَفْتَهُمْ لِي فَقَامَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَائِماً عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ اَلْخَلْقَ حَيْثُ خَلَقَهُمْ غَنِيّاً عَنْ طَاعَتِهِمْ آمِناً مِنْ مَعْصِيَتِهِمْ لِأَنَّهُ لاَ تَضُرُّهُ مَعْصِيَةُ مَنْ عَصَاهُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لاَ تَنْفَعُهُ طَاعَةُ مَنْ أَطَاعَهُ وَ قَسَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَعَايِشَهُمْ وَ وَضَعَهُمْ مِنَ اَلدُّنْيَا مَوَاضِعَهُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا أَهْبَطَ اَللَّهُ آدَمَ وَ حَوَّاءَ مِنَ اَلْجَنَّةِ عُقُوبَةً لِمَا صَنَعَا حَيْثُ نَهَاهُمَا فَخَالَفَاهُ وَ أَمَرَهُمَا فَعَصَيَاهُ فَالْمُتَّقُونَ فِيهَا أَهْلُ اَلْفَضَائِلِ مَنْطِقُهُمُ اَلصَّوَابُ وَ مَلْبَسُهُمُ اَلاِقْتِصَادُ وَ مَشْيُهُمُ اَلتَّوَاضُعُ خَضَعُوا لِلَّهِ بِالطَّاعَةِ فَبُهِتُوا غَاضِّينَ أَبْصَارَهُمْ عَمَّا حَرَّمَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَاقِفِينَ أَسْمَاعَهُمْ عَلَى اَلْعِلْمِ اَلنَّافِعِ لَهُمْ نَزَلَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ مِنْهُمْ فِي اَلْبَلاَءِ كَالَّذِي نَزَلَتْ بِهِمْ فِي اَلرَّخَاءِ رِضًا مِنْهُمْ عَنِ اَللَّهِ بِالْقَضَاءِ وَ لَوْ لاَ اَلْآجَالُ اَلَّتِي كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ لَمْ تَسْتَقِرَّ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ فِي أَجْسَادِهِمْ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ شَوْقاً إِلَى اَلثَّوَابِ وَ خَوْفاً مِنَ اَلْعِقَابِ عَظُمَ اَلْخَالِقُ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ صَغُرَ مَا دُونَهُ فِي أَعْيُنِهِمْ فَهُمْ وَ اَلْجَنَّةُ كَمَنْ قَدْ رَآهَا فَهُمْ فِيهَا مُنَعَّمُونَ وَ هُمْ وَ اَلنَّارُ كَمَنْ قَدْ رَآهَا فَهُمْ فِيهَا مُعَذَّبُونَ قُل
Mohammed bin al-Hasan bin Ahmed bin al-Waleed related to me from Mohammed bin al-Hasan as-Saffar from Ali bin Hassan al-Wasiti from his uncle Abdirrahman bin Kuthair al-Hashimi from Ja’far bin Mohammed that his father (a) related: A companion of Amir ul-Mu’minin called Homam who was a man devoted to worship said to him, “O Amir ul-Mu’minin, describe to me the pious men in such a way as though I see them. ” Amir ul-Mu’minin (a) avoided the reply and said: O Homam, fear Allah and perform good acts because “verily, Allah is with those who guard (themselves against evil) and those who do good (to others)”. <br> Homam was not satisfied with this; therefore, he said, “O Amir ul-Mu’minin, I implore to you by the One Who honored you as He gave you some merits exclusively and favored you as He endowed you with special gifts. Describe the pious man to me. ” Hence, he pushed Amir ul-Mu’minin to speak. <br> Thereupon, Amir ul-Mu’minin stood up, praised Allah, extolled Him, sought His blessings on the holy Prophet, and then spoke: Now then, Allah, the Glorified the Sublime, created (the things of) creation. He created them without any need for their obedience or being safe from their sinning, because the sin of anyone who sins does not harm Him nor does the obedience of anyone who obeys Him benefit Him. He has distributed among them their livelihood, and has assigned them their positions in the world. Allah caused Adam and Eve (a) to descend from Paradise as punishment for them since they broke His orders and breached his instruction. Thus, the God-fearing, in this world, are the people of distinction. Their speech is to the point, their dress is moderate and their gait is humble. They submit to Allah the Sublime and so therefore, they are astonished. <br> They keep their eyes closed to what Allah has made unlawful for them, and they put their ears to that knowledge which is beneficial to them. They remain in the time of trials as though they remain in comfort, because they satisfy themselves with the acts of Allah. If there had not been fixed periods (of life) ordained for each, their spirits would not have remained in their bodies even for the twinkling of an eye because of (their) eagerness for the reward and fear of chastisement. The greatness of the Creator is seated in their heart, and so, everything else appears small in their eyes. Thus, to them, Paradise is as though they see it and are enjoying its favors. To them, Hell is also as if they see it and are suffering punishment in it. <br> Their hearts are grieved, evils are not expected from them, their bodies are thin, their needs are scanty, their souls are chaste, and their supplies that they take from this wor
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