Hadith 79
الحديث 44
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
ج: سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُمِّيُّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، قَالَ: بُلِيتُ بِأَشَدِّ النَّوَاصِبِ مُنَازَعَةً، فَقَالَ لِي يَوْماً- بَعْدَ مَا نَاظَرْتُهُ-: تَبّاً لَكَ وَ لِأَصْحَابِكَ، أَنْتُمْ مَعَاشِرَ الرَّوَافِضِ تَقْصِدُونَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارَ بِالطَّعْنِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ الْجُحُودِ لِمَحَبَّةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَهُمْ، فَالصِّدِّيقُ هُوَ فَوْقَ الصَّحَابَةِ بِسَبَبِ سَبْقِ الْإِسْلَامِ،
أَ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِهِ لَيْلَةَ الْغَارِ لِأَنَّهُ خَافَ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ، وَ لِمَا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ الْخَلِيفَةَ فِي أُمَّتِهِ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَصُونَ نَفْسَهُ كَمَا يَصُونُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خَاصَّةَ نَفْسِهِ، كَيْلَا يَخْتَلَّ حَالُ الدِّينِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، وَ يَكُونَ الْإِسْلَامُ مُنْتَظِماً،
وَ قَدْ أَقَامَ عَلِيّاً عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ لِمَا كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ أَنَّهُ لَوْ قُتِلَ لَا يَخْتَلُّ الْإِسْلَامُ بِقَتْلِهِ، لِأَنَّهُ يَكُونُ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ مَنْ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ، لَا جَرَمَ لَمْ يُبَالِ مِنْ قَتْلِهِ. قَالَ سَعْدٌ: إِنِّي قَدْ قُلْتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَجْوِبَةً لَكِنَّهَا غَيْرُ مُسْكِتَةٍ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَعَاشِرَ الرَّوَافِضِ تَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ الْأَوَّلَ وَ الثَّانِيَ كَانَا يُنَافِقَانِ، وَ تَسْتَدِلُّونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِلَيْلَةِ الْعَقَبَةِ؟
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ إِسْلَامِهِمَا كَانَ عَنْ طَوْعٍ وَ رَغْبَةٍ أَوْ كَانَ عَنْ إِكْرَاهٍ وَ إِجْبَارٍ؟. فَاحْتَرَزْتُ عَنْ جَوَابِ ذَلِكَ وَ قُلْتُ مَعَ نَفْسِي إِنْ كُنْتُ أُجِيبُهُ بِأَنَّهُ كَانَ عَنْ طَوْعٍ فَيَقُولُ: لَا يَكُونُ عَلَى هَذَا الْوَجْهِ إِيمَانُهُمَا عَنْ نِفَاقٍ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُ كَانَ عَلَى إِكْرَاهٍ وَ إِجْبَارٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ لِلْإِسْلَامِ قُوَّةٌ حَتَّى يَكُونَ إِسْلَامُهُمَا بِإِكْرَاهٍ وَ قَهْرٍ،
فَرَجَعْتُ عَنْ هَذَا الْخَصْمِ عَلَى حَالٍ يُقْطَعُ كَبِدِي، فَأَخَذْتُ طُومَاراً وَ كَتَبْتُ بِضْعاً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ مَسْأَلَةً مِنَ الْمَسَائِلِ الْغَامِضَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدِي جَوَابُهَا، وَ قُلْتُ: أَدْفَعُهَا إِلَى صَاحِبِ مَوْلَايَ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي قُمَّ، أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ،
فَلَمَّا طَلَبْتُهُ كَانَ هُوَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ، فَمَشَيْتُ عَلَى أَثَرِهِ فَأَدْرَكْتُهُ، وَ قُلْتُ الْحَالَ مَعَهُ، فَقَالَ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – Sa’d Bin Abdullah Al Qummi Al Ash’ary who said. ‘I was tried with the severest of the disputed of the Nasibis (Hostile one). One day he said to me, after having debated me, ‘May you and your companions perish! You are a community of rejecters aiming at the Emigrants and the Helpers by accusations upon them, and the rejection of Muhammad-saww the Prophet-saww to them. The truthful (Abu Bakr), he was above the companions by a reason of precedence in. Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww rather went with him on the night of the cave (Emigration) because he-saww feared upon him just as he-saww feared upon himself? And when he-saww knew he would become the caliph in his community, he-saww wanted that him to protect himself just as he-saww protected himself-saww, lest the state of Religion be disrupted from after him-saww, there should happen to be a system for. And he-saww told Ali-asws to stay upon his-saww bed due to what was in his-saww knowledge (that if) he-asws was killed, would not be disrupted by his-asws being killed, because the one to stand in his-saww place would happen to be from his-saww companions. There is no doubt he-saww did not care of him-asws being murdered’. Sa’ad said, ‘I have already said answers upon that, but these are without silence’. Then he said, ‘O community of the rejecters! You are saying that the first (Abu Bakr) and the second (Umar) were both hypocrites, and you are providing evidence upon that with (events) on the night of Aqaba? ’
Then he said to me, ‘Inform me about their Islam, was it willingly and desiring, or was it from coercion and compulsion? I was cautious from answering that, and I said within myself, ‘If I were to answer him that it was willingly, this would not happen to be a face of hypocrisy of the belief, and if I were to say it was upon coercion and compulsion, there did not happen to be any strength for during that time until their Islam would happen by coercion and compulsion’. I withdrew from this debate upon a state of my liver having been cut (metaphorically), and I took a scroll and wrote some forty questions, from the mysterious question which there did not happen to be their answers with me, and I said, ‘I shall hand it over to a companions of my Master-asws Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws, the one who was in Qum, Ahmad Bin Is’haq. When I sought him, it so happened that he had gone, so I walked upon his footsteps and caught up with him, an
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