📖 Volume 57 ✦ Volume 57 Hadith 397 / 399

Hadith 397

الحديث 98

📚 Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi

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تَوْحِيدُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، نَبْتَدِئُ يَا مُفَضَّلُ بِذِكْرِ خَلْقِ الْإِنْسَانِ فَاعْتَبِرْ بِهِ فَأَوَّلُ‏ ذَلِكَ مَا يُدَبَّرُ بِهِ الْجَنِينُ فِي الرَّحِمِ وَ هُوَ مَحْجُوبٌ‏ فِي ظُلُماتٍ ثَلاثٍ‏ ظُلْمَةِ الْبَطْنِ وَ ظُلْمَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَ ظُلْمَةِ الْمَشِيمَةِ حَيْثُ لَا حِيلَةَ عِنْدَهُ فِي طَلَبِ غِذَاءٍ وَ لَا دَفْعِ أَذًى وَ لَا اسْتِجْلَابِ مَنْفَعَةٍ وَ لَا دَفْعِ مَضَرَّةٍ
فَإِنَّهُ يَجْرِي إِلَيْهِ مِنْ دَمِ الْحَيْضِ مَا يَغْذُوهُ كَمَا يَغْذُو الْمَاءُ النَّبَاتَ فَلَا يَزَالُ ذَلِكَ غِذَاءَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَمَلَ خَلْقُهُ وَ اسْتَحْكَمَ بَدَنُهُ وَ قَوِيَ أَدِيمُهُ عَلَى مُبَاشَرَةِ الْهَوَاءِ وَ بَصَرُهُ عَلَى مُلَاقَاةِ الضِّيَاءِ هَاجَ الطَّلْقُ بِأُمِّهِ فَأَزْعَجَهُ أَشَدَّ إِزْعَاجٍ وَ أَعْنَفَهُ حَتَّى يُولَدَ
وَ إِذَا وُلِدَ صَرَفَ ذَلِكَ الدَّمَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَغْذُوهُ مِنْ دَمِ أُمِّهِ إِلَى ثَدْيَيْهَا فَانْقَلَبَ الطَّعْمُ وَ اللَّوْنُ إِلَى ضَرْبٍ آخَرَ مِنَ الْغِذَاءِ وَ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مُوَافَقَةً لِلْمَوْلُودِ مِنَ الدَّمِ فَيُوَافِيهِ فِي وَقْتِ حَاجَتِهِ إِلَيْهِ
فَحِينَ يُولَدُ قَدْ تَلَمَّظَ وَ حَرَّكَ شَفَتَيْهِ طَلَباً لِلرَّضَاعِ فَهُوَ يَجِدُ ثَدْيَيْ أُمِّهِ كَالْإِدَاوَتَيْنِ الْمُعَلَّقَتَيْنِ لِحَاجَتِهِ فَلَا يَزَالُ يَغْتَذِي بِاللَّبَنِ مَا دَامَ رَطْبَ الْبَدَنِ رَقِيقَ الْأَمْعَاءِ لَيِّنَ الْأَعْضَاءِ حَتَّى إِذَا تَحَرَّكَ وَ احْتَاجَ إِلَى غِذَاءٍ فِيهِ صَلَابَةٌ لِيَشْتَدَّ وَ يَقْوَى بَدَنُهُ
طَلَعَتْ لَهُ الطَّوَاحِنُ مِنَ الْأَسْنَانِ وَ الْأَضْرَاسِ لِيَمْضَغَ بِهِ الطَّعَامَ فَيَلِينَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَسْهُلَ لَهُ إِسَاغَتُهُ فَلَا يَزَالُ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَ
فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَ وَ كَانَ ذَكَراً طَلَعَ الشَّعْرُ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عَلَامَةَ الذَّكَرِ وَ عِزَّ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَخْرُجُ بِهِ عَنْ حَدِّ الصَّبَا وَ شَبَهِ النِّسَاءِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ أُنْثَى يَبْقَى وَجْهُهَا نَقِيّاً مِنَ الشَّعْرِ لِتَبْقَى لَهَا الْبَهْجَةُ وَ النَّضَارَةُ الَّتِي تُحَرِّكُ الرِّجَالَ لِمَا فِيهِ دَوَامُ النَّسْلِ وَ بَقَاؤُهُ
اعْتَبِرْ يَا مُفَضَّلُ فِي مَا يُدَبَّرُ بِهِ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَحْوَالِ الْمُخْتَلِفَةِ هَلْ تَرَى يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بِالْإِهْمَالِ أَ فَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ لَمْ يَجْرِ إِلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ الدَّمُ وَ هُوَ فِ

✦ Traduction française

(The book) ‘Tawheed’ of Al Mufazzal –
‘We shall begin, O Mufazzal, with mention of the creation of the human being, so take a lesson with it. So, the first of that what can be pondered with is the foetus in the womb, and it is veiled in three (layers of) darkness – a darkness of the belly, and a darkness of the womb, and a darkness of the placenta, where there is no means with it in seeking sustenance nor to dispel any discomfort, nor bring any benefits, nor repel any harm. So there flows to it from the blood of the menstruation, what provides it, just as the water provides the vegetation. That provision does not cease until when its creation is complete and its body is stronger, and its surface is strong enough to face the direct air, and its eyes upon meeting the light, agitated by being separated from its mother, and is uncomfortable with intense discomfort, and convolutes until it is born. And when it is born, that blood from the blood of its mother which used to nourish it, gets diverted to her breasts, and the taste and the colour changes to another variety of the provision, and becomes intensely compatible for the new born that the blood, and it suffices him in the time of its need to it. So, when the new born trembles and moves its lips seeking the breast-feeding, he finds the breast of its mother like the two instruments (fruits) hanging for his need to it. So, he does not cease to be nourished with the milk for as he is of wet body, delicate intestines, soft limbs, until when he moves and is needy to a provision wherein is solidity for the intensity and strength of his body. There emerge for him the grinders from the teeth and the molars, for him to chew the food with it, and it is softened for him, and easier for him to absorb. He does not cease to be like that until he becomes aware (older). So, when he is older, and was a male, the hair emerges in his face, and that was a sing of the male, and an honour of the man which comes out with it from the limit of the child, and (from) resembling the women. And if it was a female, her face would remain pure from the hair, or the glory and the freshness to remain for her, which makes the man move to what is in it the permanence of the lineage and its remaining. Consider, O Mufazzal, regarding what the human being is regulated with in these various stages. Do you see any possibility that it would happen to be with the neglect (without planning)? Do you see, if that blood had not flowed to it, and he was in the womb, wouldn’t he be im

N° hadith98
Volume57
Chapitre41
LivreBihar al-Anwar
AuteurAllamah al-Majlisi
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