Hadith 43
الحديث 41
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
َا يُقَصِّرُ. وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنَّهُمَا قَالا إِذَا نَزَلَ الْمُسَافِرُ مَكَاناً يَنْوِي فِيهِ مُقَامَ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ صَامَ وَ أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَ إِنْ نَوَى مُقَامَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَصَّرَ وَ أَفْطَرَ وَ هُوَ فِي حَالِ الْمُسَافِرِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَنْوِ شَيْئاً وَ قَالَ الْيَوْمَ أَخْرُجُ وَ غَداً أَخْرُجُ قَصَّرَ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ شَهْرٍ ثُمَّ أَتَمَ
وَ قَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِمُقِيمٍ وَ لَا يَأْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَأَمَّ الْمُقِيمِينَ سَلَّمَ مِنْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَتَمُّوا هُمْ وَ إِنِ ائْتَمَّ بِمُقِيمٍ انْصَرَفَ مِنْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ. وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ نَسِيَ صَلَاةً فِي السَّفَرِ فَذَكَرَهَا فِي الْحَضَرِ قَضَى صَلَاةَ مُسَافِرٍ وَ إِنْ نَسِيَ صَلَاةً فِي الْحَضَرِ فَذَكَرَهَا فِي السَّفَرِ قَضَاهَا صَلَاةَ مُقِيمٍ. وَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُمْ رَخَّصُوا لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ النَّافِلَةَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ أَوْ بَعِيرِهِ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَ لِلْقِبْلَةِ أَوْ لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ تَكُونُ صَلَاتُهُ إِيمَاءً وَ يَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ
فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْفَرِيضَةُ لَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلَّا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مُتَوَجِّهاً إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ الْعَامَّةُ أَيْضاً عَلَى هَذَا وَ قَالُوا فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَأَيْنَما تُوَلُّوا فَثَمَّ وَجْهُ اللَّهِ فِي هَذَا نَزَلَ أَيْ فِي صَلَاةِ النَّافِلَةِ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَتْ. وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ صَلَّى فِي السَّفِينَةِ وَ هِيَ تَدُورُ فَلْيَتَوَجَّهْ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَإِنْ دَارَتْ بِهِ دَارَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ بِوَجْهِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ قَائِماً صَلَّى جَالِساً وَ يَسْجُدُ إِنْ شَاءَ عَلَى الزِّفْتِ. وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى جَادَّةِ الطَّرِيقِ. وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الْغَرِيقِ وَ حائض [خَائِضِ] الْمَاءِ يُصَلِّيَانِ إِيمَاءً وَ كَذَلِكَ الْعُرْيَانُ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ ثَوْباً يُصَلِّي فِيهِ صَلَّى جَالِساً وَ يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً. وَ قَدْ وَرَدَ فِي عِدَّةِ رِوَايَاتٍ كَصَحِيحَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَقْضِي صَلَاةَ النَّهَارِ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ أَقْضِي صَلَاةَ النَّهَارِ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ
فَقَالَ لَا
فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ قُلْتَ نَعَمْ
فَقَالَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُطِيقُ وَ أَنْتَ لَا تُطِيقُ.
from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them‑asws, they-asws both said: ‘When the traveller descends in a place intending staying in it for ten days will fast and pray the complete Salat; and if he intends to stay less than that, will shorten (Salat) and not fast, and he is in a state of a traveller; and if he intends something and says, ‘I shall go out today’, and ‘I shall go out tomorrow’, will shorten (salat) what is between it and a month, then he will pray complete’. And he-asws said: ‘It is not befitting for the traveller to pray leading a resident, nor complete a Salat with him. If he does so, the resident will perform Salaam from two Cycles and they will complete (the Salat), and if he (the traveller) is led by a resident, he should leave from two Cycles’’. [70]
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One who forgets a Salat during the journey, so he remembers it during the staying, should fulfil Salat of a traveller; and if he forgets a Salat during the staying, so he remembers it during the journey, should fulfil it as a Salat of a resident’’. [71]
And from Rasool-Allah-saww, and from Ali-asws, and Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn‑asws, and Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, they-asws allowed for the traveller to pray the optional (Salat) upon his riding animal or his camel wherever it may be headed, towards the Qiblah or other than the Qiblah, and his Salat would be in gestures, and he should make the Sajdah to be lower than the Ruk’u. So, when the obligatory happens, he should not pray except upon the ground facing towards the Qiblah, and the general Muslims as well are upon this, and they said regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: therefore wherever you turn to, so there would be the Face of Allah [2: 115] was Revealed regarding this, i. e. regarding the optional Salat prayed upon the riding animal wherever it may be headed’’. [72]
And we are reporting from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One who prays in the ship and it rotates, let him divert to the Qiblah. If it rotates with him, he should rotate to the Qiblah with it, and if he is no able to pray standing, he should pray seated and do Sajdah upon the asphalt’’. [73]
And from him-asws having prohibited from the Salat being prayed upon middle of the main road’’. [74]
And from him-asws having said regarding the drowning one and one who is immersed the water, they should pray with gestures, and like that is the naked, when he cannot find a cloth to be praying in it, he should pray seated and indicate with gestures’’. [75]
And it is reported in a number of reports like a correct (Hadeeth) by Muawiya Bin Ammar who said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can I fulfil Salat of the day at night during the journey? ’
He-asws said: ‘Yes’. Ismail Bin Jabir said to him-asws, ‘Can I fulfil the daytime Salat at night during the journey? ’
He-asws said: ‘No’. He said, ‘You-asws had said ‘Yes’! ’
He-asws said: ‘That one can endure, and you cannot endure’’. [76]
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