15- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَعْتِقْ فُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً فَنَظَرْتُ فِي ثُلُثِهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ أَثْمَانَ قِيمَةِ الْمَمَالِيكِ الْخَمْسَةِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ بِعِتْقِهِمْ قَالَ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى الَّذِينَ سَمَّاهُمْ وَيُبْدَأُ بِعِتْقِهِمْ فَيُقَوَّمُونَ وَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى ثُلُثِهِ فَيُعْتَقُ مِنْهُ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ الثَّانِي ثُمَّ الثَّالِثُ ثُمَّ الرَّابِعُ ثُمَّ الْخَامِسُ فَإِنْ عَجَزَ الثُّلُثُ كَانَ فِي الَّذِي سَمَّى أَخِيراً لأنَّهُ أَعْتَقَ بَعْدَ مَبْلَغِ الثُّلُثِ مَا لا يَمْلِكُ فَلا يَجُوزُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ.
15. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Humran who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who at the time of his death makes a will to set free a slave so and so and so and so. I looked into the one-third of his legacy and found that it is not even equal to one-eighth of the five slaves whom he had mentioned, he (the Imam) (a. s. ), said, ‘You must evaluate the slaves and begin setting free one, two, three, four and five. The slave (or slaves) whom he mentioned last cannot be freed if the one-third is not sufficient for his (or their) cost. ’”
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Résumé
Ce hadith aborde les règles qui structurent la communauté — justice, équité, droits et devoirs.
Application
Réfléchis : où peux-tu, dans ta vie sociale, incarner un peu plus de justice ou de générosité ?
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✨ Cette lecture sera bientôt enrichie par Noor IA pour chaque hadith individuellement.