Hadith 47
الحديث 48
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
ُ مِنْهَا عَاصٍ وَ الْمُبْطِئُ عَنْهَا مُقَصِّرٌ وَ إِنَّ أَدَبَهُمُ الْيَوْمَ بِاللِّسَانِ وَ غَداً بِالسَّيْفِ وَ مَا مَنْ ثَقُلَ عَنْكَ كَمَنْ خَفَّ مَعَكَ وَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَكَ الْقَوْمُ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ فَأَرِدْهُمْ لِنَفْسِكَ
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا مَالِكُ دَعْنِي وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ مَنْ بَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَوْ عُمَرَ أَوْ عُثْمَانَ ثُمَّ نَكَثَ بَيْعَتَهُ أَ كُنْتُمْ تَسْتَحِلُّونَ قِتَالَهُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ تَحَرَّجُونَ مِنَ الْقِتَالِ مَعِي وَ قَدْ بَايَعْتُمُونِي
قَالُوا إِنَّا لَا نَزْعُمُ أَنَّكَ مُخْطِئٌ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ قِتَالُ مَنْ بَايَعَكَ ثُمَّ نَكَثَ بَيْعَتَكَ وَ لَكِنْ نَشُكُّ فِي قِتَالِ أَهْلِ الصَّلَاةِ
فَقَالَ الْأَشْتَرُ دَعْنِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُوقِعْ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ يَتَخَلَّفُونَ عَنْكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ كُفَّ عَنِّي فَانْصَرَفَ الْأَشْتَرُ وَ هُوَ مُغْضَبٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّ قَيْسَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ لَقِيَ مَالِكاً الْأَشْتَرَ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ قَيْسٌ لِلْأَشْتَرِ يَا مَالِكُ كُلَّمَا ضَاقَ صَدْرُكَ بِشَيْءٍ أَخْرَجْتَهُ وَ كُلَّمَا اسْتَبْطَأْتَ أَمْراً اسْتَعْجَلْتَهُ
إِنَّ أَدَبَ الصَّبْرِ التَّسْلِيمُ وَ أَدَبَ الْعَجَلَةِ الْأَنَاةُ وَ إِنَّ شَرَّ الْقَوْلِ مَا ضَاهَى الْعَيْبَ وَ شَرَّ الرَّأْيِ مَا ضَاهَى التُّهَمَةَ فَإِذَا ابْتُلِيتَ فَاسْأَلْ وَ إِذَا أُمِرْتَ فَأَطِعْ وَ لَا تَسْأَلْ قَبْلَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ لَا تَكَلَّفْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ الْأَمْرُ فَإِنَّ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ فَلَا تَشُقَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِكَ فَغَضِبَ الْأَشْتَرُ
ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ مَشَوْا إِلَى الْأَشْتَرِ فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَضَّوْهُ مِنْ غَضَبِهِ فَرَضِيَ فَلَمَّا هَمَّ عَلِيٌّ ع بِالشُّخُوصِ قَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ خَالِدُ بْنُ زَيْدِ صَاحِبُ مَنْزِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ أَقَمْتَ بِهَذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ فَإِنَّهَا مُهَاجَرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ بِهَا قَبْرُهُ وَ مِنْبَرُهُ فَإِنِ اسْتَقَامَتْ لَكَ الْعَرَبُ كُنْتَ كَمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ وَ إِنْ وُكِلْتَ إِلَى الْمَسِيرِ فَقَدْ أَعْذَرْتَ
فَأَجَابَهُ ع بِعُذْرِهِ فِي الْمَسِيرِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ لَمَّا سَمِعَ تَوَجُّهَ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرِ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ وَ تَمَكَّثَ حَتَّى عَظُمَ جَيْشُهُ وَ أَغَذَّ السَّيْرَ فِي طَلَبِهِمْ فَجَعَلُوا لَا يَرْتَحِلُونَ مِنْ مَنْزِلٍ إِلَّا نَزَلَهُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِذِي قَارٍ
فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُنِي أَنْ أَدْخُلَ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ فِي قِلَّةِ مَنْ مَعِي فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ وَ قَيْسَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ كِتَاباً
فَقَدِمُوا الْكُوفَةَ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ
from you-asws is not like the one who is light with you, and rather the people want you-asws for themselves, so want them for yourself’. Ali-asws said: ‘O Malik! Leave me’. And Ali-asws came to them and said: ‘What is your view if the one who had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr or Umar or Usman, then broke his allegiance, will you be permitting fighting them? ’ They said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘And how come you are having a problem from the fighting alongside me-asws and they had pledged allegiance to me? ’
They said, ‘We are not alleging that you-asws are mistaken, and that it is not permissible for you-asws to fight against the ones who pledged allegiance to you-asws then broke your-asws allegiance, but we are in doubt in fighting the people of the Salat’. Al-Ashtar said, ‘Let me, O Amir Al Momineen-asws, to deal with the ones who are opposing you-asws’. He-asws said to him: ‘Stop, from me-asws’. Al-Ashtar left and he was angry. Then Qays Bin Sa’ad met Malik Al-Ashtar among a number of the Emigrants and the Helpers. Qays said to Al-Ashtar, ‘O Malik! All what has narrowed your chest with anything, expel it, and all what has been delayed of a matter, hasten it. The discipline of the patience is the submission, and discipline of the haste is the selfishness, and the evil word is what is similar to the fault, and the evil opinion is what is similar to the accusation. So, when you are afflicted, then ask, and when you are ordered, then obey, and do not ask before the affliction nor encumber yourself before the order descends, for within ourselves is what is within yourself, therefore do not be aggrieved upon your Master-asws’. Al-Ashtar was angered. Then the Helpers walked to Al-Ashtar during that and they pleased him from his anger, and he was pleased. When Ali-asws thought (of killing) the persons, Abu Ayoub Khalid Bin Zayd, owner of the house of Rasool-Allah-saww, stood up and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I am staying in this city for it is an emigration of Rasool-Allah-saww, and his-saww grave and his-saww pulpit is at it. If the Arabs were to be straight for you-asws, you-asws would be like the ones who were before you-asws, and if I am allocated with the travelling, so I am excused’. He-asws answered him with his excuse regarding the travelling. Then he-asws went out when he-asws heard the heading of Talha and Al-Zubeyr to Al-Basra, and he-asws remained until his-asws army was determined, and the journey was provided for, in pursuing them. They went on not departing from a house except he-asws descended, until he-asws descended at Zi Qaar. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! It grieves me-asws that I-asws should enter upon them among the small number of the ones with me-asws’. So, he-asws sent Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws and Ammar Bin Yasser, and Qays Bin Sa’ad to Al-Kufa, and he-asws wrote a letter to them. They arrived at Al-Kufa and Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws addressed the people. He-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, and mentioned Ali-asws and his-asws precedence in and allegiances of the people to him-asws, and opposition of the ones who were opposing him-asws. Then he-asws instructed with the letter
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