تَوْحِيدُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع يَا مُفَضَّلُ فَكِّرْ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَافِ الثَّلَاثَةِ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ وَ فِي خَلْقِهَا عَلَى مَا هِيَ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا فِيهِ صَلَاحُ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا فَالْإِنْسُ لَمَّا قُدِّرُوا أَنْ يَكُونُوا ذَوِي ذِهْنٍ وَ فِطْنَةٍ وَ عِلَاجٍ لِمِثْلِ هَذِهِ الصِّنَاعَاتِ مِنَ الْبِنَاءِ وَ النِّجَارَةِ وَ الصِّنَاعَةِ وَ الْخِيَاطَةِ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ خُلِقَتْ لَهُمْ أَكُفٌّ كِبَارٌ ذَوَاتُ أَصَابِعَ غِلَاظٍ لِيَتَمَكَّنُوا مِنَ الْقَبْضِ عَلَى الْأَشْيَاءِ وَ أَوْكَدُهَا هَذِهِ الصِّنَاعَاتُ
وَ آكِلَاتُ اللَّحْمِ لَمَّا قُدِّرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَايِشُهَا مِنَ الصَّيْدِ خُلِقَتْ لَهُمْ أَكُفٌّ لِطَافٌ مُدَّمِجَةٌ ذَوَاتُ بَرَاثِنَ وَ مَخَالِيبَ تَصْلُحُ لِأَخْذِ الصَّيْدِ وَ لَا تَصْلُحُ لِلصِّنَاعَاتِ
وَ آكِلَاتُ النَّبَاتِ لَمَّا قُدِّرَ أَنْ يَكُونُوا لَا ذَاتَ صَنْعَةٍ وَ لَا ذَاتَ صَيْدٍ خُلِقَتْ لِبَعْضِهَا أَظْلَافٌ تَقِيهَا خُشُونَةَ الْأَرْضِ إِذَا حَاوَلَ طَلَبَ الرَّعْيِ وَ لِبَعْضِهَا حَوَافِرُ مُلَمْلَمَةٌ ذَوَاتُ قَعْرٍ كَأَخْمَصِ الْقَدَمِ تَنْطَبِقُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ لِيَتَهَيَّأَ لِلرُّكُوبِ وَ الْحَمُولَةِ
تَأَمَّلِ التَّدْبِيرَ فِي خَلْقِ آكِلَاتِ اللَّحْمِ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ حِينَ خُلِقَتْ ذَوَاتُ أَسْنَانٍ حِدَادٍ وَ بَرَاثِنَ شِدَادٍ وَ أَشْدَاقٍ وَ أَفْوَاهٍ وَاسِعَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُدِّرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ طُعْمُهَا اللَّحْمَ خُلِقَتْ خِلْقَةً تُشَاكِلُ ذَلِكَ وَ أُعِينَتْ بِسِلَاحٍ وَ أَدَوَاتٍ تَصْلُحُ لِلصَّيْدِ وَ كَذَلِكَ تَجِدُ سِبَاعَ الطَّيْرِ ذَوَاتَ مَنَاقِيرَ وَ مَخَالِيبَ مُهَيَّأَةٍ لِفِعْلِهَا
وَ لَوْ كَانَتِ الْوُحُوشُ ذَوَاتَ مَخَالِبَ كَانَتْ قَدْ أُعْطِيَتْ مَا لَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهَا لَا تَصِيدُ وَ لَا تَأْكُلُ اللَّحْمَ وَ لَوْ كَانَتِ السِّبَاعُ ذَوَاتَ أَظْلَافٍ كَانَتْ قَدْ مُنِعَتْ مَا تَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ أَعْنِي السِّلَاحَ الَّذِي بِهِ تَصِيدُ وَ تَتَعَيَّشُ أَ فَلَا تَرَى كَيْفَ أُعْطِيَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الصِّنْفَيْنِ مَا يُشَاكِلُ صِنْفَهُ وَ طَبَقَتَهُ بَلْ مَا فِيهِ بَقَاؤُهُ وَ صَلَاحُهُ
انْظُرِ الْآنَ إِلَى ذَوَاتِ الْأَرْبَعِ كَيْفَ تَرَاهَا تَتْبَعُ أُمَّهَاتِهَا مُسْتَقِلَّةً بِأَنْفُسِهَا لَا تَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الْحَمْلِ وَ التَّرْبِيَةِ كَمَا تَحْتَاجُ أَوْلَادُ الْإِنْسِ فَمِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عِنْدَ أُمَّهَاتِهَا مَا عِنْدَ أُمَّهَاتِ الْبَشَرِ مِنَ الرِّفْقِ وَ الْعِلْمِ بِالتَّرْبِيَةِ وَ الْقُوَّةِ عَلَيْهَا بِالْأَكُفِّ وَ الْأَصَابِعِ الْمُهَيَّأَةِ لِذَلِكَ أُعْطِيَتِ النُّهُوضَ وَ الِاسْتِقْلَالَ بِأَنْفُسِهَا
وَ كَذَلِكَ تَرَى كَثِيراً مِنَ الطَّيْرِ كَمِثْلِ الدَّجَاجِ وَ الدُّرَّاجِ وَ الْقَبْجِ تَدْرُجُ وَ تَلْقُطُ حِينَ يَنْقَابُ عَنْهَا الْبَيْضُ فَأَمَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا ضَعِيفاً لَا نُهُوضَ فِيهِ ك
(The book) ‘Tawheed’ of Al Mufazzal –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Think, O Mufazzal, regarding these three types of the animals, in their creation upon what it is upon, with what is therein an interest of each one of these. The human beings, at what they have been Determined that they would happen to be with a mind, and acumen, and treatment of these manufactures, from the construction, and the trade, and the formulation, and other than that, there was Created for them large hands with strong fingers, in order to be enabled for the grabbing upon the things and produce these works. And the flesh eaters – when it was determined that their livelihood would happen to be from the hunting, Heazwj Created for them soft hands with clutching claws, correct for taking the hunt, and it is not correct for the manufacturing. And the plant eaters – when it was Determined that there would neither be with manufacturing nor with hunting, Heazwj Created hooves for some of them, to protect them from the roughness of the ground when it moves around seeking the pasture; and for some of them filled hooves with a bottom like the soles of the feet applied to the ground, ready for the riding and the load bearing. Contemplate on the arrangement in the creation of the flesh eaters from the animals where they have been Created with iron-like teeth and with strong claws, and firm wide mouths. So, when it was Determined that its food would happen to be the flesh, Heazwj Created a creature consistent to that, and aided with weapons and tools correct for the hunting. And like that, you will find the predatory birds being with scary beaks ready for its work. If the wild animals had been with scary beaks, it would have been given what it is not needy to, because it does not hunt nor eat the flesh; and if the predators were with hooves, it would have been prevented what it would be needy to, Iasws mean the weapons by which it could hunt and live. Do you not see how each one from the two types has been Given what is compatible with its type and its application, but what therein is its remaining and its interest? Look now at the ones with four (legs – quadrupeds), how you see is following its mother independently by itself, not being needy to being carried and upbringing just as the children of the human beings. So, from the reason that, it isn’t with its mother what is with the mothers of the human, from the kindness, and the knowledge with the upbringing, and the strength upon it with the palms and the fingers prepared for that, have been Given the advancement and the independence by itself. And, similar to that you see from the birds like the chicken, and the pheasant, and the partridge insert and pick up when the egg scatters away from it. As from whoever was weak from these, they do not rise like the dove, and the wild pigeon, and the (Australian) red pigeon
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