📖 Volume 90 ✦ Volume 90 Hadith 1 / 558

Hadith 1

الحديث 1

📚 Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi

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هِ بِهِ‏ فَتَأْوِيلُهُ فِي تَنْزِيلِهِ
وَ مِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى‏ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَ بَناتُكُمْ وَ أَخَواتُكُمْ وَ عَمَّاتُكُمْ وَ خالاتُكُمْ‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ فَهَذَا كُلُّهُ مُحْكَمٌ لَمْ يَنْسَخْهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ قَدِ اسْتُغْنِيَ بِتَنْزِيلِهِ مِنْ تَأْوِيلِهِ وَ كُلُّ مَا يَجْرِي هَذَا الْمَجْرَى
ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ ع عَنِ الْمُتَشَابِهِ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَقَالَ وَ أَمَّا الْمُتَشَابِهُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَهُوَ الَّذِي انْحَرَفَ مِنْهُ مُتَّفِقُ اللَّفْظِ مُخْتَلِفُ الْمَعْنَى مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ
فَنَسَبَ الضَّلَالَةَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ وَ هَذَا ضَلَالُهُمْ عَنْ طَرِيقِ الْجَنَّةِ بِفِعْلِهِمْ وَ نَسَبَهُ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ وَ نَسَبَهُ إِلَى الْأَصْنَامِ فِي آيَةٍ أُخْرَى‏ فَمَعْنَى الضَّلَالَةِ عَلَى وُجُوهٍ فَمِنْهُ مَا هُوَ مَحْمُودٌ وَ مِنْهُ مَا هُوَ مَذْمُومٌ وَ مِنْهُ مَا لَيْسَ بِمَحْمُودٍ وَ لَا مَذْمُومٍ وَ مِنْهُ ضَلَالُ النِّسْيَانِ
فَالضَّلَالُ الْمَحْمُودُ هُوَ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ قَدْ بَيَّنَّاهُ وَ الْمَذْمُومُ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى‏ وَ أَضَلَّهُمُ السَّامِرِيُ‏ وَ قَوْلُهُ‏ وَ أَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَ ما هَدى‏ وَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ كَثِيرٌ
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى الْأَصْنَامِ فَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فِي قِصَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع‏ وَ اجْنُبْنِي وَ بَنِيَّ أَنْ نَعْبُدَ الْأَصْنامَ- رَبِّ إِنَّهُنَّ أَضْلَلْنَ كَثِيراً مِنَ النَّاسِ‏ الْآيَةَ وَ الْأَصْنَامُ لَمْ تضلن تُضْلِلْنَ أَحَداً عَلَى الْحَقِيقَةِ وَ إِنَّمَا ضَلَّ النَّاسُ بِهَا وَ كَفَرُوا حِينَ عَبَدُوهَا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الَّذِي هُوَ النِّسْيَانُ فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى- وَ اسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجالِكُمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَتانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَداءِ أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْداهُما فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْداهُمَا الْأُخْرى‏
وَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الضَّلَالَ فِي مَوَاضِعَ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ فَمِنْهُ مَا نَسَبَهُ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ عَلَى ظَاهِرِ اللَّفْظِ كَقَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ‏ وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدى‏- مَعْنَاهُ وَجَدْنَاكَ فِي قَوْمٍ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ نُبُوَّتَكَ فَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ بِكَ
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الَّذِي هُوَ ضِدُّ الْهُدَى وَ الْهُدَى هُوَ الْبَيَانُ وَ هُوَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ‏ أَ وَ لَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ‏- مَعْنَاهُ أَيْ أَ لَمْ أُبَيِّنْ لَهُمْ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ- فَهَدَيْناهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمى‏ عَلَى الْهُدى‏ أَيْ بَيَّنَّا لَهُمْ
وَجْهٌ آخَرُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى- وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ ما يَتَّقُون

✦ Traduction

he Truth, from those Given the Book, until they give the tribute by hand and they are belittled [9: 29]. This Verse Abrogated that truce. And he-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, was asked about the first of what was Revealed by Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in the Quran. He-asws said: ‘The first of what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed from the Quran was at Makkah, is Surah Al A’ala, and the first of what He-azwj Revealed at Al-Medina was Surah Al Baqarah’. Then they asked him-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, about interpretation of the Decisive from the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He-asws said: ‘As for the Decisive which nothing from the Quran has Abrogated, it is Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: He is the One Who Revealed the Book unto you; from it are Decisive Verses – these are the Mother of the Book; and others are Allegorical. [3: 7]. And rather, the people were destroyed regarding the Allegorical because they did not pause upon its meaning and did not recognise its reality. They placed interpretations for it from their own selves with their opinions, and with that they (considered themselves) as needless from asking the successors-asws, and they discarded words of Rasool-Allah-saww behind their backs. And the Decisive, from what you mentioned of the types from what its interpretation is in its Revelation, from the permitting of what Allah-azwj the Glorious has Permitted in His-azwj Book, and prohibiting what Allah-azwj has Prohibited, from the foods, and the drinks, and the marriages. And from it is what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Imposed, from the Salat, and the Zakat, and the fasting, and the Hajj, and the Jihad, and from what it evidence’s them with, from what there is no escape for them from it in entirety of their dealings, like Words of the Exalted: O you who believe! When you stand to the Salat, so wash your faces and your hands to the elbows, and wipe your heads and your leg to the ankles; [5: 6] – the Verse. And this is from the Decisive which it’s interpretation is its Revelation. There is no need in interpreting it to any more than the Revelation. And from it are Words of Mighty and Majestic: Prohibited unto you is the dead, and the blood and meat of the pig, and whatever has been dedicated for other than Allah with, [5: 3]. It’s interpretation is in its Revelation. And from it are Words of the Exalted: Prohibited unto you are your mothers, and your daughters, and your sisters, and your paternal aunts, and your maternal aunts, [4: 23] – up to end of the Verse. So, this, all of it is Decisive. Nothing Abrogates it. With its Revelation, it is needless of interpreting it, all what flows this flow’. Then they asked him-asws about the Allegorical from the Quran. He-asws said: ‘And as for the Allegorical from the Quran, it is which deviates from it. The wording is clear, the meanings are different. For example, Words of Mighty and Majestic: Allah Lets stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to. [74: 31]. He-azwj Attributed the straying to Himself-azwj in this place, and this is their straying from the path of Paradise due to their own deeds, and He-azwj Attributed it to the Kafirs in another place, and Att

N° hadith1
Volume90
Chapitre128
LivreBihar al-Anwar
AuteurAllamah al-Majlisi
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