َ اسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجالِكُمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَتانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَداءِ
وَ بَيَّنَ الطَّلَاقَ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ فَقَالَ يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّساءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَ أَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَتِ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ تَبِينُ بِثَلَاثِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ تَجْمَعُهَا كَلِمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا أَوْ أَقَلُّ
لَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ أَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ لا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ أَمْراً فَإِذا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَ أَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ وَ أَقِيمُوا الشَّهادَةَ لِلَّهِ ذلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَنْ كانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ
وَ قَوْلِهِ لا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ أَمْراً هُوَ نُكْرٌ يَقَعُ بَيْنَ الزَّوْجِ وَ زَوْجَتِهِ فَيُطَلِّقُ التَّطْلِيقَةَ الْأُولَى بِشَهَادَةِ ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ وَ حَدُّ وَقْتِ التَّطْلِيقِ هُوَ آخِرُ الْقُرُوءِ وَ الْقُرْءُ هُوَ الْحَيْضُ وَ الطَّلَاقُ يَجِبُ عِنْدَ آخِرِ نُقْطَةٍ بَيْضَاءَ تَنْزِلُ بَعْدَ الصُّفْرَةِ وَ الْحُمْرَةِ وَ إِلَى التَّطْلِيقَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَ الثَّالِثَةِ مَا يُحْدِثُ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا عَطْفاً أَوْ زَوَالَ مَا كَرِهَاهُ
وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ الْمُطَلَّقاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ لا يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَكْتُمْنَ ما خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي أَرْحامِهِنَّ إِنْ كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ بُعُولَتُهُنَّ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّهِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ إِنْ أَرادُوا إِصْلاحاً وَ لَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ لِلرِّجالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
هَذَا لِقَوْلِهِ فِي أَنَّ لِلْبُعُولَةِ مُرَاجَعَةَ النِّسَاءِ مِنْ تَطْلِيقَةٍ إِلَى تَطْلِيقَةٍ إِنْ أَرَادُوا إِصْلَاحاً وَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مُرَاجَعَةَ الرِّجَالِ فِي مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ
ثُمَّ بَيَّنَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ الطَّلاقُ مَرَّتانِ فَإِمْساكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسانٍ وَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَ الثَّالِثَةَ بَانَتْ فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَها فَلا تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ ثُمَّ يَكُونُ كَسَائِرِ الْخُطَّابِ لَهَا
وَ الْمُتْعَةُ الَّتِي أَحَلَّهَا اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ أَطْلَقَهَا الرَّسُولُ عَنِ اللَّهِ لِسَائِرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَهِيَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ الْمُحْصَناتُ مِنَ النِّساءِ إِلَّا ما مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُكُمْ كِتابَ اللَّهِ عَلَ
f Allah. That is (what) the ones who believed in Allah and the Last Day is Advised with. [65: 2]. And His-azwj Words: You don’t know, perhaps Allah would Bring about a new Command after that’ [65: 1], it is a denial which occurs between the husband and the wife, so he divorces the first divorce with the witness of the ones with justice, and a limit of the time of the divorce, it is the last monthly period, and the monthly period, it is the menstruation, and the divorce is obligated at the least white drop descending after the yellow and the red, and to the second and the third divorce what compassion Allah-azwj would Bring about between the two and removal of what they had disliked. And it is His-azwj Word: And the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three menses-free periods; and it is not Permissible for them that they should conceal what Allah has Created in their wombs, if they were believers in Allah and the Last Day; and their husbands are more rightful with their return regarding that if they are intending reconciliation; and for them is the like of that which is upon them with the reasonableness; and for the men is a degree upon them; and Allah is Mighty, Wise [2: 228]. This is due to His-azwj Words that for the husbands there is a (right of) return to the wife from a divorce to a divorce, if they want the reconciliation, and for the woman there is a (right of) return to the men in similar to that. Then the Blessed and Exalted Clarified. He-azwj Said: The divorce is twice, then either keep them with reasonableness or release with the goodness; [2: 229]. And regarding the third, so if he were to divorce the third time, she would be irrevocably divorced. It is His-azwj Word: So, if he divorces her (for a third time), she would not be lawful to him afterwards until she marries another husband; [2: 230]. Then he would be like rest of the proposers to her. And the Mut’ah which Allah-azwj has Permitted in His-azwj Book, and the Rasool-saww had launched it from Allah-azwj to rest of the Muslims, it is the Word of Mighty and Majestic: And (Prohibited are) the married ones from the women except what your right hands possess, being an Ordinance of Allah upon you all; and Permissible to you are what is behind that, of you are seeking with your wealth, for marriage not for fornication. So whatever (Women) you enjoy with, give them their Obligatory recompense, and there is no blame upon you regarding what you make them agreeable with after the Obligatory (dower); surely Allah was always most-Knowing, Wise [4: 24]. And the difference between the (permanent) marriage and the (temporary) marriage is that there is a dower for the wife, and for the Mut’ah it is a payment. All the Muslims were performing Mut’ah in the era of Rasool-Allah-saww during the Hajj and other, and in the days of Abu Bakr and four years in the days of Umar, until he entered to see his sister Afra’a and found a child in her room breastfeeding from her breast. He looked at the flow of the milk in the mouth of the child. He became angry, and trembled, and reddened, and took the child upon his hands and went out until he came to the Masjid and ascended the pulpit, and said, ‘Call out among the people for the congregational Salat! ’ And it was other than the time of Salat. The peopl
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