Hadith 1
الحديث 1
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
النَّهْرَوَانِ؛ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَعْدَ وَاقِعَةِ الْحَكَمَيْنِ، تَحَمَّلَ إِلَيْهِ مُقْبِلًا هَالَهُ ذَلِكَ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْ دِمَشْقَ مُعَسْكَراً، وَ بَعَثَ إِلَى كُوَرِ الشَّامِ، فَصَاحَ بِهَا [فِيهَا «خ ل»] أَنَّ عَلِيّاً قَدْ سَارَ إِلَيْكُمْ. وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ نُسْخَةً وَاحِدَةً، فَقُرِئَتْ عَلَى النَّاسِ؛ أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّا كُنَّا كَتَبْنَا بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ كِتَاباً، وَ شَرَطْنَا فِيهِ شُرُوطاً، وَ حَكَّمْنَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَحْكُمَانِ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَيْهِ بِحُكْمِ الْكِتَابِ، لَا يَعْدُوَانِهِ، وَ جَعَلْنَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقَهُ عَلَى مَنْ نَكَثَ الْعَهْدَ،
وَ لَمْ يُمْضِ الْحُكْمَ، وَ إِنَّ حَكَمِيَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ حَكَّمْتُهُ أَثْبَتَنِي، وَ إِنَّ حَكَمَهُ خَلَعَهُ، وَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ إِلَيْكُمْ ظَالِماً، «فَمَنْ نَكَثَ فَإِنَّما يَنْكُثُ عَلى نَفْسِهِ» تَجَهَّزُوا لِلْحَرْبِ، بِأَحْسَنِ الْجَهَازِ، وَ أَعِدُّوا آلَةَ الْقِتَالِ، وَ أَقْبِلُوا خِفافاً وَ ثِقالًا وَ كُسَالَى وَ نَشَاطاً، يَسَّرَنَا اللَّهُ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ لِصَالِحِ الْأَعْمَالِ. فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ نَاسٌ مِنْ كُلِّ كُورَةٍ، وَ أَرَادُوا الْمَسِيرَ إِلَى صِفِّينَ، فَاسْتَشَارَهُمْ فَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي ذَلِكَ، فَمَكَثُوا يُجِيلُونَ الرَّأْيَ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةً، حَتَّى قَدِمَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ عُيُونُهُمْ، أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَفَارَقَتْهُ مِنْهُ فِرْقَةٌ أَنْكَرَتْ أَمْرَ الْحُكُومَةِ، وَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ رَجَعَ عَنْكُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ،
فَكَبَّرَ النَّاسُ سُرُوراً لِانْصِرَافِهِ عَنْهُمْ، وَ مَا أُلْقِيَ مِنَ الْخِلَافِ بَيْنَهُمْ. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُعَاوِيَةُ مُعَسْكَراً فِي مَكَانِهِ، حَتَّى جَاءَ الْخَبَرُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، قَدْ قَتَلَ أُولَئِكَ الْخَوَارِجَ، وَ أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ بَعْدَ قَتْلِهِمْ أَنْ يُقْبِلَ إِلَيْهِ بِالنَّاسِ، وَ أَنَّهُمْ اسْتَنْظَرُوهُ وَ دَافَعُوهُ، فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ هُوَ وَ مَنْ قِبَلَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ. وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَسْعَدَةَ قَالَ: جَاءَنَا كِتَابُ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ، وَ نَحْنُ مُعَسْكَرُونَ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ نَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ خَارِجَتِهِ، ثُمَّ يُقْبِلَ إِلَيْنَا،
وَ كَانَ فِي كِتَابِهِ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ عَلِيّاً خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ عِلِيَّةُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ نُسَّاكُهُمْ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَتَلَهُمْ، وَ قَدْ فَسَدَ عَلَيْهِ جُنْدُهُ وَ أَهْلُ مِصْرِهِ، وَ وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَهُمُ الْعَدَاوَةُ وَ تَفَرَّقُوا أَشَدَّ الْفُرْقَةِ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ إِعْلَامَكَ. وَ السَّلَامُ. قَالَ فَقَرَأَهُ [مُعَاوِيَةُ] عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ عَلَى أَبِي الْأَعْوَرِ، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ وَ قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَضِيَ أَخُوكَ أَن
heir informant arrived to them, ‘ (as for) Ali-asws, his-asws companions had differed against him-asws and a sect has separated from him-asws denying the orders of the arbitration, and he-asws has returned from you all to them’. The people exclaimed Takbeers of joy at his-asws leaving away from them and at what he-asws had faced from between them. Muawiya did not cease be in the army camp in his place until the news came that Ali-asws had killed those Kharijites, and after having killed them, he-asws wanted the people come back to him-asws, and they awaited (sat back from) him-asws and repelled him-asws. He (Muawiya) and the people in front of him were cheered by that (piece of News). And from Abdul Rahman Bin Mas’ada who said, ‘A letter of Umarah Bin Uqba Bin Abu Mueet came to us from Al-Kufa, and we were soldiers with Muawiya. We were scared that Ali-asws would be free from the Kharijites, then he-asws would come back to us. And it was in his letter, ‘As for after, Ali-asws, the elite of his-asws companions and their ritualists/worshipers have come out to him-asws, so he-asws killed them, and they have spoilt his-asws army upon him-asws and the people of his-asws city, and the enmity has occurred between them, and they have separated with severe separation, so I loved to inform you. And the greetings’. He (the narrator) said, ‘Muawiya read it out to his brother and to Abu Al-Awr. Then he looked at his brother Al-Waleed Bin Uqba and said, ‘Your brother is pleased that there happen to be spies for us’. Al-Waleed laughed and said, ‘Surely in that as well is a benefit’. During that, Muawiya called Al-Zahhak Bin Qays Al-Fihry and said to him, ‘Travel until you pass by in the direction of Al-Kufa and raise away from it what you came. The one from the Bedouins whom you find to be in obedience of Ali-asws, raid upon him, and if you find armed men or cavalry, raid upon them; and when you wake up in the morning in one city, then spend the evening in another, and do not stay for any cavalry to reach you from it, it would be discharged towards you to meet you, so battle it’. So, he went among what is between three thousand to four thousand. Al-Zahhak came to plunder the wealth and kill the ones from the Bedouins he met, until he passed by Sa’albiya, he raided upon the pilgrims and seized their belongings. Then he came back and met Amro Bin Umeys Bin Masoud Al-Zuhly, and he is a son of the brother of Abdullah Bin Masoud. He killed him in the road of the pilgrims at Al-Qutqutana, and some people from his companions were (also) killed. Amir Al-Momineen-asws ascended the pulpit and said, ‘O people of Al-Kufa! Go out to the righteous servant Amro Bin Umeys, and to armies of yours, some of them have been injured. Go out to fight your enemies and defends your sanctities, if you were to do so! ’
They responded to him-asws a weak response, and he-asws saw frustration and procrastination from them. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws would have loved if there had been for me-asws, for every hundred of you, a man from the
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