Hadith 1

ld have a place in which to gather, just as urine gathers in the bladder, and there is no need every hour to get up, and nothing moves from the intestine except its two ends, which are the oesophagus and the stomach, and the whole intestine comes with veins, arteries, and nerves more than the liver because it needs a lot of feeling. As for the liver, it is red flesh like solid blood, not surrounded by a nerve, but rather by a nervous membrane that thickens it. It is generated by a small nerve. It connects the liver to other viscera and to the covering membrane of the stomach and intestines. It also connects it to the diaphragm with a strong ligament and to the back ribs with ligaments of the ileum, which are placed on the right side, under the high ribs of the back ribs, and their shape is crescent. It’s hump follows the veil so that it does not restrict its range of movement, and its concavity follows the stomach so that it reconciles over its bulge, and from there comes to it a small artery that separates in which the soul penetrates to it and preserves its heat and adjusts it with pulse and made its course to its concave because its hump It moves with the movement of the veil and it has four or five appendages that contain it on the stomach, just as the palm contains the grip on the fingers. Its task is to absorb the chyle from the stomach and intestines and draw it to itself in the veins called ‘Al-Masaariq’, and there is no space within them in which the chyle gathers, but it disperses in the branches in which the two veins that sprout from it are called ‘the door’ and the other ‘the hollow’. And the explanation of this is that the door grows from its concavity and is divided into sections, then those sections are divided into very many sections, and small sections come from them to the bottom of the stomach and the duodenum, and many sections to the fasting intestine and then to the rest of the intestine until it reaches the intestines into the rectum, and in it food is attracted to the liver. It does not cease, every time it is attracted, it becomes from narrower to wider until it gathers in the door, then the door is also divided inside the liver into sections in fine hair, and the food that is attracted in it is separated and processed by the meat of the liver until it becomes blood. And the hollow sprouts from its hump, and it is a great vein from it that sprouts all the veins in the body, and its origin is divided in the liver into sections in fine hair that meet with the divided sections in it from the door, so the blood rises from those sections to it and then gathers from the smallest to the widest until the whole blood is obtained in the hollow, then it is separated from the body in the outer branch, and if it comes out of the liver, it does not pass much until it is divided into two parts. One of them, which is the largest, takes to the bottom of the body and irrigates all the organs that are there, and the second takes it to the top to irrigate the high parts; and this section passes until it is close to the veil, and from there it divides two veins that disperse in the veil to nourish it, then they penetrate the veil. If they pass it, minute veins are divided from them and they are connected to the membrane that divides the chest in two halves, to the covering of the heart and to the gland called the thymus, and they disperse in it. Then a great branch diverges from it and connects to the right ear from the two ears of the heart, and it is divided into three sections, one of which enters the right cavity from the two cavity of the heart, and it is the largest of these sections, and it is the arterial vein, and it nourishes what is there from the bodies, and if it goes beyond the heart, it passes straight until it aligns with the collarbones and splits from it in its path. This is a small branch on each side. It irrigates what is adjacent t