مِنْهُمْ لِيَكُونَ فِي الْقَبِيلَةِ فَيَكُونُ إِمَامَهُمْ وَ مُؤَذِّنَهُمْ وَ صَاحِبَ أَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَ وَدَائِعِهِمْ
عُودُوا مَرْضَاهُمْ وَ اشْهَدُوا جَنَائِزَهُمْ وَ صَلُّوا فِي مَسَاجِدِهِمْ وَ لَا يَسْبِقُوكُمْ إِلَى خَيْرٍ فَأَنْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ مِنْهُمْ بِهِ. وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ مَعِي رَجُلَانِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع آتِي الْجُمُعَةَ
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ائْتِ الْجُمُعَةَ وَ الْجَمَاعَةَ وَ احْضُرِ الْجَنَازَةَ وَ عُدِ الْمَرِيضَ وَ اقْضِ الْحُقُوقَ
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ تَخَافُونَ أَنْ نُضِلَّكُمْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا نُضِلُّكُمْ أَبَداً. 84 الذِّكْرَى، فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص مَنْ صَلَّى خَلْفَ عَالِمٍ فَكَمَنْ صَلَّى خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص. 85 شَرْحُ النَّفْلِيَّةِ، لِلشَّهِيدِ الثَّانِي رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ رَوَى الْفَقِيهُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْقُمِّيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْإِمَامِ وَ الْمَأْمُومِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تُصَلُّوا خَلْفَ الْحَائِكِ وَ لَوْ كَانَ عَالِماً وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا خَلْفَ الْحَجَّامِ وَ لَوْ كَانَ زَاهِداً وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا خَلْفَ الدَّبَّاغِ وَ لَوْ كَانَ عَابِداً. 86 الْمُقْنِعُ، قَالَ وَالِدِي ره فِي رِسَالَتِهِ إِلَيَّ اعْلَمْ يَا بُنَيَّ أَنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالتَّقَدُّمِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِلْقُرْآنِ فَإِذَا كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَفْقَهُهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْفِقْهِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً وَ إِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَسَنُّهُمْ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السِّنِّ سَوَاءً فَأَصْبَحُهُمْ وَجْهاً
وَ صَاحِبُ الْمَسْجِدِ أَوْلَى بِمَسْجِدِهِ وَ لْيَكُنْ مَنْ يَلِي الْإِمَامَ مِنْكُمْ أُوْلِي الْأَحْلَامِ وَ التُّقَى وَ إِنْ نَسِيَ الْإِمَامُ أَوْ تَعَايَا فَقَوِّمُوهُ
وَ إِنْ ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ أَوْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْكَ رِيحٌ أَوْ غَيْرُهَا مِمَّا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ فَسَلِّمْ فِي أَيِّ حَالٍ كُنْتَ فِي حَالِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ قَدِّمْ رَجُلًا يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ بَقِيَّةَ صَلَاتِهِمْ وَ تَوَضَّأْ وَ أَعِدْ صَلَاتَكَ
وَ سَبِّحْ فِي الْأُخْرَاوَيْنِ إِمَاماً كُنْتَ أَوْ غَيْرَ إِمَامٍ تَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ وَ تَرْكَعُ
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ إِلَّا خَلْفَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا مَنْ تَثِقُ بِدِينِهِ وَ وَرَعِهِ وَ آخَرُ تَتَّقِي سَوْطَهُ وَ سَيْفَهُ وَ شَنَاعَتَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ
فَصَلِّ خَلْفَهُ عَلَى سَبِيلِ التَّقِيَّةِ وَ الْمُدَارَاةِ وَ أَذِّنْ لِنَفْسِكَ وَ أَقِمْ وَ اقْرَأْ لَهَا غَيْرَ مُؤْتَمٍّ بِهِ فَإِنْ فَرَغْتَ مِن
hias! You are attributed to us-asws. Be adornments for us and do not be disgrace! Be like companions of Ali-asws among the people. If the man were to be from them being in the tribe, let him be their prayer leader, and their Muezzin, and keeper of their entrustments and their deposits. Console their sick one, and attend their funerals, and pray in their Masjid, and they should not precede you to good (deeds), for by Allah-azwj, you are more rightful with it than they are! ’’[204]
And from Abdullah Bin Bukeyr who said, ‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws and there were two men with me. One of them said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can I go to the Friday Salat? ’
Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘Attend the Friday Salat, and the congregation, and attend the funeral, and console the sick, and fulfil the rights! ’
Then he-asws said: ‘Are you fearing that we-asws may stray you all? No, by Allah-azwj! We-asws will not stray you, ever! ’’[205]
(The book) ‘Al Zikra’ –
‘In the Hadeeth from the Prophet-saww: ‘One who prays behind a scholar (Imam-asws) is like the one who prayed behind Rasool-Allah-saww’’. [206]
Commentary on (the book) ‘Al Nafliya’ of Al Shaheed Al Sany, may Allah-azwj Mercy him, said, ‘It is reported by the jurist Ja’far Bin Ahmad Al Qummi in the book ‘Al Imam Wa Al Mamoun’, by his chain to, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww said: ‘Do no pray behind the weaver even if he were a scholar, nor pray behind the cupper and even if he were ascetic, nor pray behind the dyer and even if he were a worshipper’’. [207]
(The book) ‘Muqnie’ –
‘My father sad in his message to me, ‘Know, O my son! The foremost of the people with the going ahead (to lead Salat) in congregation is their more well-read of the Quran. When they were to be same in the recitation, then their most understanding one, and if they were to be same in the understanding, their most preceding in emigration, and if they were same in the emigration, then their elders. If they were same in age, then their brightest of face. And owner of the Masjid (praying place) is foremost with his Masjid, and let the one from you following the prayer leader be one of understanding and knowledge, and if the prayer leader forgets or errs, he can straighten (correct) him. And if you remember that you were not upon Wud’u, or wind has come out from you, or other such from what breaks the Wud’u, then perform Salaam in whichever state you may be in state of the Salat, and forward a man to pray with the people remainder of their Salat, and you perform Wud’u and complete your Salat. And glorifying in the two last Cycles whether you were a prayer leader or not, saying, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj, and there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Allah‑azwj is Greatest’, thrice. Then exclaim Takbeer and perform Ruk’u. And know that it is not allowed for you pray Salat except behind two (types of) men – one of them is one who you trust with his religion and his devoutness, and another you fear his whip and his sword and his brutality upon th
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