Hadith 80
الحديث 80
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
يد، التوحيد تَمِيمٌ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَوْماً عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَوْ شاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ ما كانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ- عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ- عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ أَكْرَهْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ لَكَثُرَ عَدَدُنَا وَ قَوِينَا عَلَى عَدُوِّنَا
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا كُنْتُ لِأَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِبِدْعَةٍ لَمْ يُحْدِثْ إِلَيَّ فِيهَا شَيْئاً وَ ما أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَ لَوْ شاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْإِلْجَاءِ وَ الِاضْطِرَارِ فِي الدُّنْيَا كَمَا يُؤْمِنُونَ عِنْدَ الْمُعَايَنَةِ وَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَوْ فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ بِهِمْ لَمْ يَسْتَحِقُّوا مِنِّي ثَوَاباً وَ لَا مَدْحاً لَكِنِّي أُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا مُخْتَارِينَ غَيْرَ مُضْطَرِّينَ لِيَسْتَحِقُّوا مِنِّيَ الزُّلْفَى وَ الْكَرَامَةَ وَ دَوَامَ الْخُلُودِ فِي جَنَّةِ الْخُلْدِ أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما كانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى سَبِيلِ تَحْرِيمِ الْإِيمَانِ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَكِنْ عَلَى مَعْنَى أَنَّهَا مَا كَانَتْ لِتُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْنُهُ أَمْرُهُ لَهَا بِالْإِيمَانِ مَا كَانَتْ مُكَلَّفَةً مُتَعَبِّدَةً وَ إِلْجَاؤُهُ إِيَّاهَا إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ التَّكْلِيفِ وَ التَّعَبُّدِ عَنْهَا
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْكَ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Tameem Al Qarshy, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Ali Al Ansary, from Al Harwy who said, ‘One day Al-Mamoun asked Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws saying to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is the meaning of the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And if your Lord so Desired, the ones in the earth would believe, all of them in their entirety. So, will you force the people until they become Momineen? [10: 99] And it was not for a soul that it believes except by the Permission of Allah [10: 100]. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘My-asws father Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws narrated to me-asws, from his-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws that the Muslims said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If only you-saww would force the ones from the people you-saww have power upon to become Muslims, our numbers would have been numerous and we would be stronger against our enemies’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww will not meet Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic with an innovation, nothing has been Narrated to me-saww with regards to it (from Allah-azwj, and I-saww am not from the pretenders’. So, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed: “O Muhammad-saww! And if your Lord so Desired, the ones in the earth would believe, all of them in their entirety [10: 99], upon a way of the (protection) shield and the enforcement in the world, just as they believe at witnessing the evil in the Hereafter. If I-azwj had Dealt like that with them, they would not have been deserving of Rewards from Me-azwj, nor any Praise, but I-azwj Wanted from them that they should believe by choice without being forced, to be deserving from Me-azwj the nearness, and the honour, and the perpetual eternal living in the Garden of Eternity, So, will you force the people until they become Momineen? [10: 99]”. As for the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And it was not for a soul that it believes except by the Permission of Allah [10: 100], that is not upon a way of a Prohibition upon it of the Eman, but upon a meaning that it would not believe except by Permission of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Permission is His-azwj Command for it with the Eman. The encumbered one would not have been a worshipper had it not been for its going to the Eman, it was not from the removal of the encumberment and the worshipping from it’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘You-asws have relieved me, may Allah-azwj Relieve you-asws’’. [80]
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