Hadith 70
الحديث 39
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
ِ، إِذْ لَمْ تُجِبْ ابْنَةَ مُحَمَّدٍ. قَالَ: وَ خَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ: وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُكَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَةً حَتَّى أَجْتَمِعَ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَتْ. فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَهَا: ائْتِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَحْدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَرَقُّ مِنَ الْآخَرِ، وَ قُولِي لَهُ: ادَّعَيْتَ مَجْلِسَ أَبِي وَ أَنَّكَ خَلِيفَتُهُ وَ جَلَسْتَ مَجْلِسَهُ، وَ لَوْ كَانَتْ فَدَكُ لَكَ ثُمَّ اسْتَوْهَبْتُهَا مِنْكَ لَوَجَبَ رَدُّهَا عَلَيَّ،
فَلَمَّا أَتَتْهُ وَ قَالَتْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: صَدَقْتِ، قَالَ: فَدَعَا بِكِتَابٍ فَكَتَبَهُ لَهَا بِرَدِّ فَدَكَ. فَخَرَجَتْ وَ الْكِتَابُ مَعَهَا، فَلَقِيَهَا عُمَرُ فَقَالَ: يَا بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ! مَا هَذَا الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي مَعَكِ؟ فَقَالَتْ: كِتَابٌ كَتَبَ لِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِرَدِّ فَدَكَ، فَقَالَ: هَلُمِّيهِ إِلَيَّ،
فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَرَفَسَهَا بِرِجْلِهِ- وَ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ حَامِلَةً بِابْنٍ اسْمُهُ: الْمُحَسِّنُ فَأَسْقَطَتِ الْمُحَسِّنَ مِنْ بَطْنِهَا، ثُمَّ لَطَمَهَا، فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى قُرْطٍ فِي أُذُنِهَا حِينَ نَقَفَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْكِتَابَ فَخَرَقَهُ. فَمَضَتْ وَ مَكَثَتْ خَمْسَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ يَوْماً مَرِيضَةً مِمَّا ضَرَبَهَا عُمَرُ، ثُمَّ قُبِضَتْ. فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهَا الْوَفَاةُ دَعَتْ عَلِيّاً صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْ: إِمَّا تَضْمَنُ وَ إِلَّا أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَنَا أَضْمَنُ وَصِيَّتَكِ يَا بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ،
قَالَتْ: سَأَلْتُكَ بِحَقِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ أَنْ لَا يَشْهَدَانِي وَ لَا يُصَلِّيَا عَلَيَّ، قَالَ: فَلَكِ ذَلِكِ. فَلَمَّا قُبِضَتْ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا، دَفَنَهَا لَيْلًا فِي بَيْتِهَا، وَ أَصْبَحَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ يُرِيدُونَ حُضُورَ جَنَازَتِهَا، وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ كَذَلِكَ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فَقَالا لَهُ: مَا فَعَلْتَ بِابْنَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ؟! أَخَذْتَ فِي جَهَازِهَا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ؟
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ دَفَنْتُهَا، قَالا: فَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ دَفَنْتَهَا وَ لَمْ تُعْلِمْنَا بِمَوْتِهَا؟ قَالَ: هِيَ أَمَرَتْنِي. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ بِنَبْشِهَا وَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ: أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا دَامَ قَلْبِي بَيْنَ جَوَانِحِي وَ ذُو الْفَقَارِ فِي يَدِي فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَصِلُ إِلَى نَبْشِهَا، فَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ،
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: اذْهَبْ، فَإِنَّهُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنَّا، وَ انْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ.
e and she-asws was saying: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws will not speak to you a (single) word until I-asws and you gather in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww! ’ Then she-asws left. Ali-asws said to her-asws: ‘Go to Abu Bakr (when he is) alone, for he is kinder than the other one (Umar), and say to him: ‘You claimed the seat of my-asws father-saww, and you are his-saww caliph, and are seated in his-saww seat, and if Fadak was for you, then it must have been gifted to you, so it obligated that it be returned to me-asws’. When she-asws came to Abu Bakr and said that to him, he said, ‘You-asws speak the truth’. So, he called for a letter and wrote for it to be returned to her-asws’. She-asws went out and the letter was with her-asws. Umar came across her-asws and said, ‘O daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! What is this letter which is with you-asws? ’ She-asws said: ‘A letter Abu Bakr has written for me-asws for the return of Fadak’. He said, ‘Give it to me’. She-asws refused to hand it over to him. He kicked her-asws with his leg – and she-asws was expecting with a son whose name was Al-Mohsin-asws. Al-Mohsin-asws was (martyred) in her-asws lap. Then he slapped her. It is as if I (Abu Abdullah-asws) am looking at her-asws dangling ear-ring in her-asws ear when it snapped. Then he took the letter and tore it. She-asws went away, and remained for seventy-five days being ill from what Umar had struck her-asws. Then she-asws passed away. When the expiry presented to her-asws, she-asws called Ali-asws. She-asws said: ‘Either you-asws guarantee or else I-asws shall bequeath to Ibn Al-Zubeyr’. Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws guarantee your-asws bequest, O daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! ’
She-asws said: ‘I-asws ask you-asws by the right of Rasool-Allah-saww! When I-asws pass away, they two (Abu Bakr and Umar) will not attend my-asws (funeral) nor pray Salat upon me-asws’. He-asws said: ‘That shall be for you-asws’. When she-asws passed away, he-asws buried her-asws at night, and in the morning the people of Al-Medina wanted to be present at her-asws funeral, and Abu Bakr and Umar were like that. Ali-asws came out to the two of them. They said to him-asws, ‘What did you-asws do with the daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww? You-asws undertook regarding her-asws funeral, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws? ’
Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, I-asws have buried her-asws’. They said, ‘So, what carried you-asws upon burying her-asws and you-asws did not let us know of her-asws death? ’ He-asws said: ‘She-asws had instructed me-asws so’. Umar said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We have thought of exhuming her-asws and praying the Salat upon her-asws’. Ali-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj! So long as my-asws heart is between my-asws shoulders and Zulfiqar is in my-asws hand, you two will not arrive to exhuming her-asws, and you know it! ’
Abu Bakr said, ‘(Let us) go, for he-asws is more rightful with her-asws than we are’. And the people dispersed’’. [68]
Comprendre ce hadith
Une lecture guidée pour relier les mots à ta vie.
Résumé
Ce hadith met en lumière la valeur du savoir comme chemin vers Dieu et clé de la sagesse.
Application
Choisis aujourd'hui une chose nouvelle à apprendre — petite ou grande — avec l'intention de te rapprocher.
Lien avec aujourd'hui
Dans l'ère de l'information, le vrai savoir est celui qui transforme le cœur, pas seulement la mémoire.
✨ Cette lecture sera bientôt enrichie par Noor IA pour chaque hadith individuellement.