Hadith 66
الحديث 31
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
فس: عَبَسَ وَ تَوَلَّى أَنْ جاءَهُ الْأَعْمى قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي عُثْمَانَ وَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ، وَ كَانَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ مُؤَذِّنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ كَانَ أَعْمَى، وَ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ عُثْمَانُ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَدَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ، فَعَبَسَ عُثْمَانُ وَجْهَهُ وَ تَوَلَّى عَنْهُ،
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: عَبَسَ وَ تَوَلَّى يَعْنِي عُثْمَانَ أَنْ جاءَهُ الْأَعْمى وَ ما يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّى. . أَيْ يَكُونُ طَاهِراً أَزْكَى أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ، قَالَ: يُذَكِّرُهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَتَنْفَعَهُ الذِّكْرى
ثُمَّ خَاطَبَ عُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ: أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنى فَأَنْتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّى قَالَ: أَنْتَ إِذَا جَاءَكَ غَنِيٌّ تَصَدَّى لَهُ وَ تَرْفَعُهُ: وَ ما عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّى. . أَيْ لَا تُبَالِي زَكِيّاً كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَ زَكِيٍّ إِذَا كَانَ غَنِيّاً
وَ أَمَّا مَنْ جاءَكَ يَسْعى يَعْنِي ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ وَ هُوَ يَخْشى فَأَنْتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّى. . أَيْ تَلْهُو وَ لَا تَلْتَفِتُ إِلَيْهِ. وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ كَانَ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، فَجَاءَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ تَقَذَّرَ مِنْهُ وَ جَمَعَ نَفْسَهُ وَ عَبَسَ وَ أَعْرَضَ بِوَجْهِهِ عَنْهُ، فَحَكَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنْكَرَهُ عَلَيْهِ.
Tafseer Al-Qummi – He frowned and turned around [80: 1] When the blind man came to him [80: 2], he said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Usman and Ibn Umm Maktoum, and a son of Umm Maktoum was a Muezzin of Rasool-Allah-saww, and he was blind, and he came to Rasool-Allah-saww and in his-saww presence were his-saww companions, and Usman was (also) in his-saww presence. Rasool-Allah-saww led him (to sit) higher than Usman. Usman frowned his face and turned away from him. Allah-azwj Revealed: He frowned and turned around [80: 1] – Meaning Usman. When the blind man came to him [80: 2] And what would make you realise, perhaps he would purify himself? [80: 3] – i. e. become clean, pure, Or pay heed [80: 4]. He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww would remind him, so the Zikr would benefit him? [80: 4]. Then He-azwj Addressed Usman, so He-azwj Said: As for one who (thinks he) is needless [80: 5] So you face up to him [80: 6]. He-asws said: ‘You (Usman), if a rich man comes to you, you address him and appreciate him. And what is upon you if he does not purify? [80: 7] – i. e. , you (Usman) would not have cared whether he was purified or without purification, if he was rich. And as to one who comes to you striving [80: 8] -Meaning Ibn Ami Maktoum. And he is fearing [80: 9] So you are distracting yourself away from him [80: 10], i. e. , you play around, and are not turning towards him’’. It has been reported from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘It was Revealed regarding a man from the clan of Umayya (Usman) who was in the presence of the Prophet-saww. Ibn Ami Maktoum came up. But when he (Usman) saw him as filthy, he frowned his face, and gathered (his clothing around) himself, and turned his face away from him. Allah-azwj the Glorious Spoke that about him, and Criticised him upon it’’. [31]
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