ِيلُهُ بِلَفْظِ الْعُمُومِ وَ مَعْنَاهُ الْخُصُوصُ
وَ مِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
وَ أَمَّا مَا لَفْظُهُ خُصُوصٌ وَ مَعْنَاهُ عُمُومٌ فَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- مِنْ أَجْلِ ذلِكَ كَتَبْنا عَلى بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْساً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّما قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعاً وَ مَنْ أَحْياها فَكَأَنَّما أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعاً
فَنَزَلَ لَفْظُ الْآيَةِ خُصُوصاً فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ هُوَ جَارٍ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْخَلْقِ عَامّاً لِكُلِّ الْعِبَادِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ وَ مِثْلُ هَذَا كَثِيرٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ
وَ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ الزَّانِي لا يَنْكِحُ إِلَّا زانِيَةً أَوْ مُشْرِكَةً وَ الزَّانِيَةُ لا يَنْكِحُها إِلَّا زانٍ أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ وَ حُرِّمَ ذلِكَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي نِسَاءٍ كُنَّ بِمَكَّةَ مَعْرُوفَاتٍ بِالزِّنَا مِنْهُنَّ سَارَةُ وَ حَنْتَمَةُ وَ رَبَابُ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى نِكَاحَهُنَّ فَالْآيَةُ جَارِيَةٌ فِي كُلِّ مَنْ كَانَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مِثْلَهُنَّ
وَ مِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ جاءَ رَبُّكَ وَ الْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا وَ مَعْنَاهُ جَمِيعُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ
وَ أَمَّا مَا لَفْظُهُ مَاضٍ وَ مَعْنَاهُ مُسْتَقْبَلٌ فَمِنْهُ ذِكْرُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَخْبَارَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ الْبَعْثِ وَ النُّشُورِ وَ الْحِسَابِ فَلَفْظُ الْخَبَرِ مَا قَدْ كَانَ وَ مَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ
قَوْلُهُ وَ نُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ سِيقَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا رَبَّهُمْ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ زُمَراً فَلَفْظُهُ مَاضٍ وَ مَعْنَاهُ مُسْتَقْبَلٌ
وَ مِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ نَضَعُ الْمَوازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيامَةِ فَلا تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئاً وَ أَمْثَالُ هَذَا كَثِيرٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
وَ أَمَّا مَا نَزَلَ بِلَفْظِ الْعُمُومِ وَ لَا يُرَادُ بِهِ غَيْرُهُ فَقَوْلُهُ يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّ زَلْزَلَةَ السَّاعَةِ شَيْءٌ عَظِيمٌ وَ قَوْلُهُ يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْناكُمْ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ وَ أُنْثى
وَ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ واحِدَةٍ وَ قَوْلُهُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ قَوْلُهُ كانَ النَّاسُ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً أَيْ عَلَى مَذْهَبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِ نُوحٍ ع وَ لَمَّا بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ اخْتَلَفُوا ثُمَّ بَعَثَ النَّبِيِّينَ مُبَشِّرِينَ وَ مُنْذِرِينَ
وَ أَمَّا مَا حُرِّفَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَقَوْلُهُ- كُنْتُمْ خَيْرَ أَئِمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ تَأْمُرُونَ بِالْم
against you, therefore fear them’; but this increased them in Eman, and they said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector’ [3: 173]. This Verse was Revealed regarding Nueym Bin Masoud Al-Ashjaie. And that (took place) when Rasool-Allah-saww returned from the military expedition of Ohad, and his-saww uncle-as Hamza-as had been killed, and from the Muslims were ones who were killed, and the one who was injured was injured, and the one defeated was defeated and the killing and the injury had not affected him. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Rasool-Allah-saww: “Go out in your-saww time over here to pursue Quraysh and no one from your-saww companions should go out except every one who had an injury with him! ”
He-saww let the know of that, so they went out with him-saww being upon whatever injuries there were with them until they descended at a descent call Hamra Al-Asad, and Quraysh had renewed the travel in droves. When the news reached them of the departure of Rasool-Allah-azwj in their pursuit, they feared. They were met by man from (clan of) Ashja call Nueym Bin Masoud, intending Al-Medina. Abu Sufyan Sakhr Bin Harb said to him, ‘O Nueym! Is it okay for you if I were to guarantee ten she-camels for you and you make your road to be towards Hamra Al-Asad (instead), and inform Muhammad-saww that a lot of help has come from our allies from the Arabs of Kinana and their tribes, and the Ethiopians, and exaggerate upon them whatever you can. Tell them to return from us! ’
He answered him to that and aimed for Hamra Al Asad. He informed Rasool-Allah-saww of that, and that ‘Quraysh have become with their crowd which there is not standing for you all with it, so accept my advice and return! ’
Companions of Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector [3: 173]. Know that we don’t care of them! ’
Allah-azwj the Glorious Revealed unto His-azwj Rasool-saww: Those who responded to Allah and the Rasool (at Ohad) after the wound had befallen them, for those of them who are doing good (to others) and are pious shall be a great Recompense [3: 172] Those to whom the people said: ‘Surely the people have gathered against you, therefore fear them’; but this increased them in Eman, and they said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector’ [3: 173]. And rather, the speaker to them was Nueym Bin Masoud. Allah-azwj the Exalted Named him with a name as being entirety of the people, and like that is all what has come its Revelation being with general wording and its meaning is specific. And like it are Words of the Exalted: But rather, your Guardian is Allah, and His Rasool, and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5: 55]. (i. e. , specifically for Ali-asws in general wording)
And as for what its wording is specific and its meaning is general, are Words of Mighty and Majestic: For that reason We Prescribed upon the Children of Israel that the one who kills a soul for other than a soul (in retaliation), or (for) mischief in the earth, then it would be as if he killed the entirety of the people; and the one who revives it (a person), so it would be as if he has revived the enti
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