Hadith 58
الحديث 27
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
ج: عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا بُويِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ اسْتَقَامَ لَهُ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ، بَعَثَ إِلَى فَدَكَ مَنْ أَخْرَجَ وَكِيلَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللّه مِنْهَا. فَجَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ! لِمَ تَمْنَعُنِي مِيرَاثِي مِنْ أَبِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ أَخْرَجْتَ وَكِيلِي مِنْ فَدَكَ؟! وَ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى. فَقَالَ: هَاتِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِشُهُودٍ. فَجَاءَتْ بِأُمِّ أَيْمَنَ، فَقَالَتْ: لَا أَشْهَدُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَتَّى أَحْتَجَّ عَلَيْكَ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ، أَنْشُدُكَ بِاللَّهِ أَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: إِنَ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَتْ: فَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى حَقَّهُ فَجَعَلَ فَدَكَ لِفَاطِمَةَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ. وَ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ فَشَهِدَ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ. فَكَتَبَ لَهَا كِتَاباً وَ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهَا. فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا الْكِتَابُ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ادَّعَتْ فِي فَدَكَ وَ شَهِدَتْ لَهَا أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ وَ عَلِيٌّ فَكَتَبْتُهُ. فَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ الْكِتَابَ مِنْ فَاطِمَةَ فَمَزَّقَهُ. فَخَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ تَبْكِي. فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ- وَ هُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ حَوْلَهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ- فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ! لِمَ مَنَعْتَ فَاطِمَةَ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ قَدْ مَلَكَتْهُ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: إِنَ هَذَا فَيْءٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَإِنْ أَقَامَتْ شُهُوداً أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جَعَلَهُ لَهَا، وَ إِلَّا فَلَا حَقَّ لَهَا فِيهِ. فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ! تَحْكُمُ فِينَا بِخِلَافِ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي يَدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شَيْءٌ يَمْلِكُونَهُ ثُمَّ ادَّعَيْتُ أَنَا فِيهِ، مَنْ تَسْأَلُ الْبَيِّنَةَ؟ قَالَ: إِيَّاكَ كُنْتُ أَسْأَلُ الْبَيِّنَةَ. قَالَ: فَمَا بَالُ فَاطِمَةَ سَأَلْتَهَا الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى مَا فِي يَدِهَا وَ قَدْ مَلَكَتْهُ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ بَعْدَهُ، وَ لَمْ تَسْأَلِ الْمُس
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Hammad Bin Usman, ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Abu Bakr was pledged allegiance to and the command was straightened for him upon the entirety of the Emigrants and the Helpers, sent someone to (the estate of) Fadak to expel from it the representative of Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-azwj. (Syeda) Fatima-asws came to Abu Bakr and she-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Why did you prevent me-asws of my-asws inheritance from my-asws father-saww Rasool-Allah-saww, and expelled my-asws representative from Fadak, and Rasool-Allah-saww had made it to be for me-asws by the Command of Allah-azwj the Exalted? ’ He said, ‘Bring witnesses upon that to me’. She-asws came with Umm Ayman-ra. She-ra said, ‘O Abu Bakr! I will not testify until I argue against you with what Rasool-Allah-saww had said. I adjure you with Allah-azwj! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Umm Ayman-ra is a woman from the people of the Paradise? ’ He said, ‘Yes’. She-ra said, ‘I testify that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Rasool-Allah-saww: And give to the one with kinship his right, and (to) the needy, [17: 26], so he-saww made Fadak to be for (Syeda) Fatima-asws by the Command of Allah-azwj’. And Ali-asws came and testified with similar to that. So, he (Abu Bakr) wrote (a deed) for her-asws and handed it to her-asws. (Meanwhile) Umar came and said, ‘What is this letter? ’ He said, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws claimed regarding Fadak and Umm Ayman-ra and Ali-asws testified for her-asws, so I wrote it for her-asws’. Umar took the letter and tore it’. (Syeda) Fatima-asws went out crying. When it was after that, Ali-asws came to Abu Bakr, and he was in the Masjid and around him were the Emigrants and the Helpers. He-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Why did you prevent (Syeda) Fatima-asws of her-asws inheritance from Rasool-Allah-saww, and she-asws had owned it during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww? ’
Abu Bakr said, ‘This is a war booty for the Muslims. So either she-asws establishes witnessed that Rasool-Allah-saww made it to be for her, or else there is no right for her-asws regarding it’. Amir Al Momineen-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! You are judging regarding us with opposite to the Judgment of Allah-azwj regarding the Muslims? ’ He said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘Supposing there was something in the hands of the Muslims they are owning it, then I-asws make a claim regarding it, whom would you ask for the evidence? ’ He said, ‘I would ask you-asws for the evidence’. He-asws said: ‘Then what is the matter with (Syeda) Fatima-asws that you are asking her-asws for the evidence of what is in her-asws hands and she-asws had owned it during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww and after him-saww, and you would not ask the Muslims for the evidence upon what they are claiming, for witnessed, just as you are asking me-asws upon what I-asws might claim upon them! ? ’
Abu Bakr was silent. Umar said, ‘O Ali-asws! Leave us from your-asws speech, for we are not strong upon arguing
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