Hadith 7
الحديث 7
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
رْ لَكُمَا أَلَا تُخْبِرَانِنِي أَ دَفَعْتُكُمَا عَنْ حَقٍّ وَجَبَ لَكُمَا فَظَلَمْتُكُمَا إِيَّاهُ قَالا مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ
قَالَ فَهَلِ اسْتَأْثَرْتُ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ لِنَفْسِي بِشَيْءٍ قَالا مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَ فَوَقَعَ حُكْمٌ أَوْ حَقٌّ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَجَهِلْتُهُ أَوْ ضَعُفْتُ عَنْهُ قَالا مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ
قَالَ فَمَا الَّذِي كَرِهْتُمَا مِنْ أَمْرِي حَتَّى رَأَيْتُمَا خِلَافِي قَالا خِلَافَكَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فِي الْقَسْمِ إِنَّكَ جَعَلْتَ حَقَّنَا فِي الْقَسْمِ كَحَقِّ غَيْرِنَا وَ سَوَّيْتَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ مَنْ لَا يُمَاثِلُنَا فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِأَسْيَافِنَا وَ رِمَاحِنَا وَ أَوْجَفْنَا عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلِنَا وَ رَجِلِنَا وَ ظَهَرَتْ عَلَيْهِ دَعَوْتُنَا وَ أَخَذْنَاهُ قَسْراً وَ قَهْراً مِمَّنْ لَا يَرَى الْإِسْلَامَ إِلَّا كَرْهاً
فَقَالَ ع أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمُوهُ مِنَ الِاسْتِشَارَةِ بِكُمَا فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَتْ لِي فِي الْوَلَايَةِ رَغْبَةٌ وَ لَكِنَّكُمْ دَعَوْتُمُونِي إِلَيْهَا وَ جَعَلْتُمُونِي عَلَيْهَا فَخِفْتُ أَنْ أَرُدَّكُمْ فَتَخْتَلِفَ الْأُمَّةُ فَلَمَّا أَفْضَتْ إِلَيَّ نَظَرْتُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ فَأَمْضَيْتُ مَا دَلَّانِي عَلَيْهِ وَ اتَّبَعْتُهُ وَ لَمْ أَحْتَجْ إِلَى رَأْيِكُمَا فِيهِ وَ لَا رَأْيِ غَيْرِكُمَا
وَ لَوْ وَقَعَ حُكْمٌ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ بَيَانُهُ وَ لَا فِي السُّنَّةِ بُرْهَانُهُ وَ احْتِيجَ إِلَى الْمُشَاوَرَةِ فِيهِ لَشَاوَرْتُكُمَا فِيهِ
وَ أَمَّا الْقَسْمُ وَ الْأُسْوَةُ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَمْرٌ لَمْ أَحْكُمْ فِيهِ بَادِئَ بَدْءٍ قَدْ وَجَدْتُ أَنَا وَ أَنْتُمَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَحْكُمُ بِذَلِكَ وَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ نَاطِقٌ بِهِ وَ هُوَ الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي لا يَأْتِيهِ الْباطِلُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ لا مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكُمَا جَعَلْتَ فَيْئَنَا وَ مَا أَفَاءَتْهُ سُيُوفُنَا وَ رِمَاحُنَا سَوَاءً بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ غَيْرِنَا فَقَدِيماً سَبَقَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ قَوْمٌ وَ نَصَرُوهُ بِسُيُوفِهِمْ وَ رِمَاحِهِمْ فَلَمْ يُفَضِّلْهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْقَسْمِ وَ لَا آثَرَهُمْ بِالسَّبْقِ
وَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ مُوَفٍّ السَّابِقَ وَ الْمُجَاهِدَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَ لَيْسَ لَكُمَا وَ اللَّهِ عِنْدِي وَ لَا لِغَيْرِكُمَا إِلَّا هَذَا أَخَذَ اللَّهُ بِقُلُوبِنَا وَ قُلُوبِكُمْ إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَ أَلْهَمَنَا وَ إِيَّاكُمُ الصَّبْرَ
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ امْرَأً رَأَى حَقّاً فَأَعَانَ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَأَى جَوْراً فَرَدَّهُ وَ كَانَ عَوْناً لِلْحَقِّ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَهُ.
Forbid! ’
He-asws said: ‘Have I-asws preferred myself-asws with anything from this wealth? ’ They said, ‘Allah-azwj Forbid! ’ He-asws said: ‘Has there occurred any decision or a right from the Muslims I-asws have ignored it, or was weak about it? ’ They said, ‘Allah-azwj Forbid! ’
He-asws said: ‘So what is that which you both disliked from my-asws affair until I-asws see you both opposing me-asws? ’ They said, ‘Umar Bin Al-Khattab has opposed you-asws in the distribution. You-asws made our rights to be in the distribution like a right of others, and you-asws equalised between us and the ones who are not like us regarding what Allah-azwj has Legalised by our swords, and our spears, and our attacking upon it by our cavalry and our infantry, and our call prevailed upon it, and we took it forcibly and compulsively from the ones who did not see except unwillingly’. He-asws said: ‘As for what you have mentioned from the preference with you two, by Allah-azwj, there is no desire for me-asws regarding the governance, but you called me-asws to it, and you made me-asws to be upon it. I-asws feared that if I-asws were to reject you, the community would differ. When it came to me-asws, I-asws looked into the Book of Allah-azwj and Sunnah of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and I-asws implemented what I-asws was pointed upon, and I-asws followed it, and I-asws did not unite to your view regarding it, nor the view of others. And if a decision occurred and there wasn’t any explanation for it in the Book of Allah-azwj nor any proof of it in the Sunnah, and I-asws am needy to the consultation regarding it, I-asws will consult both of you regarding it. And as for the distribution (of the money) and the equalisation, that is a decision I-asws did not decide in it (with) beginning an innovation. I-asws and you both have found Rasool-Allah-saww to have decided with that (decision), and the Book of Allah-azwj Speaks with it, and it is the Book Which Neither did the falsehood come from before it, nor (would it come) from after it. (It is) a Revelation from the Wisest, the most Praised [41: 42]. And as for your words, ‘You-asws have made our war booty and whatever our swords and spears have legalised to be equal between us and others’, it is ancient. A people preceded to and helped it with their swords and their spears, but Rasool-Allah-saww did not give preference to them in the distribution, nor give preference to them for the precedence. And Allah-azwj the Glorious will Fulfil for the preceding one and the fighter on the Day of Qiyamah for their deeds, and by Allah-azwj, there isn’t for you two in my-asws presence, nor for others, except this! May Allah-azwj Take our hearts and your hearts to the Truth, and Inspire us and you with the patience’. Then he-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on a person who sees a truth and he assists upon it, and sees tyranny and he rejects it, and the supporters of the truth would be against the one who opposes it’’. [7]
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